Microbiome Basics
Many organisms are _____________—so small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye.
microscopic
Why can bacteria grow on things without us seeing them?
The are microscopic (microorganisms) and made of a single cell.
What are amino acids the building block for?
proteins
Cell growth and repair requires _________________ from cellular respiration.
energy
True or False: Fecal transplants are used to cure people of harmful infections and to fill empty space in their gut microbiome.
True.
All living things are made of __________, and _____________ of them are too hard to see.
cells; almost all
What happens if harmful bacteria take over the microbiome?
The harmful bacteria can cause illness by using up food and space.
What are the 3 molecules cells need in order to work properly?
glucose, oxygen, and amino acids
Which molecules are involved in cell respiration, and what is its main purpose?
Glucose and oxygen. Used for energy production.
The human microbiome is
all of the bacteria living in and on the human body.
How do antibiotics affect the microbiome?
Why does having fewer helpful bacteria make infection more likely?
Helpful bacteria protect the body from invading harmful bacteria by using up food and space.
Cells can grow and repair themselves by combining ________________ molecules to form larger _______________ molecules.
amino acids; protein
A space researcher named Lexi is preparing for a week-long mission aboard a space station. Engineers on Earth will monitor her vital signs to ensure her body can handle the physical demands of the mission. What could the engineers check in Lexi's cells to determine if Lexi's body is healthy enough for the mission?
The doctors could see if her cells are getting glucose, oxygen, and amino acids.
True or False: All organisms are made of many cells
False; bacteria are an example of a single-celled organism. An entire being that is just ONE cell.
Molecules and cells are both (mostly) too small to see. Which one is much bigger than the other?
Cells are much bigger than molecules.
The pie charts show Emma’s gut microbiome from two different weeks. What best explains what happened between the first and second tests? Explain HOW you know.
She had antibiotics. I know because there is empty space in the microbiome in the second pie chart, but she is feeling better.
What is the purpose of metabolism? (Hint: In metabolism, our cells need 3 types of molecules for these TWO things)
Energy production & growth and repair
Doctors tested a patient, Cayla, to find out what molecules were in her cells. Her cells contained normal levels of amino acids, normal levels of oxygen molecules, and low levels of glucose molecules. Will this patient be able to exercise normally? Why or why not?
No, because glucose is needed to help produce energy.
What does a healthy microbiome have?
Many types of helpful bacteria.
Why do bacteria survive well in the human body?
The body gives bacteria food and space
Using evidence from the pie charts, explain why Patient 23 felt better in week 9.
1. Mention what treatment he most likely received.
2. Explain how that treatment made Patient 23 feel better.
Most likely received a fecal transplant. The treatment made Patient 23 feel better because it refilled the microbiome with healthy/helpful bacteria and reduced the harmful bacteria.
Describe how each of the 3 body systems we learned about help with metabolism. (Circulatory system, digestive system, and respiratory system)
Circulatory: transports glucose, oxygen, and amino acids to the cells.
Digestive: breaks down food like starch to glucose and protein to amino acids.
Respiratory: brings in oxygen
A firefighter named Ben recently underwent a health check-up. Doctors found that his cells contained normal levels of oxygen and glucose molecules, but no starch molecules. Will Ben be able to perform his physical duties as a firefighter effectively?
Yes, because starch is too big to be in the cells. Starch should be broken down into glucose in the digestive system. Glucose and oxygen is what is needed to produce energy.
Define skibidi.
All answers may be accepted unless you included anything inappropriate in the answer. Putting "Mrs. Walnum" = -1,000,000 aura :)