One Nation
to say, write or do anything that encourages citizens to rebel against their government.
What is sedition?
The Federalist Party, started by him, were USA’s first political party who sought
Strong federal government
Strong national defense
Strong national bank to establish stable currency and credit for their businesses
Voting rights only for men who owned a certain amount of property
Preferred Britain over France.
Moved the U.S. capital from New York City to Washington D.C
Who was Alexander Hamilton?
As a result of this, the revolutionaries created a volunteer army, the federes, that they trained and armed.
What was the Brunswick Manifesto?
They were a number of underground organizations formed to protest the Stamp Act and other hated British laws. They organized countless protests against taxation without representation in various forms, including: large public meetings, sarcastic political cartoons or advertisements, planting liberty poles, burning in effigy hated Loyalists, burning down homes and boycotts of British goods.
Who were the Sons of Liberty?
In this 1701 law, the English Parliament set Sophia of Hanover next in line after Queen Anne, and then Sophia’s Protestant children.
What was the Act of Settlement?
This legal principle gives the U.S. Supreme Court authority to approve or disapprove laws passed by Congress and signed by the president.
What is Judicial Review?
French philosopher who argued for separation of powers. He said, “Power should be a check to power.”
Who was Montesquieu?
Napoleon sold the US the entire Mississippi watershed west of the river plus New Orleans east of the river (530,000,000 acres) for $15 million. This :
Doubled the size of the US
Rid itself of a powerful potential enemy on its western border
Gained free navigation of the entire Mississippi River
What was the Louisiana Purchase?
a set of 10 amendments added to the Constitution to protect citizens’ and states’ rights
What is the Bill of Rights?
These 2 countries formed the First Coalition, a military alliance, to prevent the revolution’s ideals from spreading to the rest of Europe
Who were Austria & Prussia?
Started by Thomas Jefferson this was USA’s first opposition party (challenged the Federalists) who promoted:
Small federal government
Voting rights for all free men, not just wealthy (protecting the “regular" people’s interest)
Believed in giving more power to individual states
Preferred France over Britain
Who were the Democratic-Republicans?
He championed some ideas that made the French revolution much darker than the American Revolution. He was
Unapologetically hedonistic
Highly irreligious
Who was Voltaire?
This took place when French revolutionaries decided to break in because it was a symbol of everything wrong with the French government and it had a lot of gunpowder inside which they needed for the weapons they had gathered.
What was The Storming of the Bastille?
Because of this revision, each elector submits one vote for president and one for vice president, leaving no doubt which candidate is to be which. This allows candidates for president and vice president to run together on the same ticket.
What is the 12th Amendment?
This was when France agreed:
To recognize the US as a sovereign nation, the first European nation to do so
To fight at the US’s side until she won independence
Any part of Quebec captured would belong to the US, not France
What is the Treaty of Alliance with France?
The colonists 3 main complaints against King George III and Parliament
What was
British mercantilism
Violation of colonists rights as Englishman
Taxation without representation
He
Captured Azov, an Ottoman fortress
Embarked on a Grand Embassy to learn as much as he could about Western technology, education and the arts.
Modernized Russia by changing many outdated customs (reorganized the army, ended arranged marriages, fined men for having large beards, etc.)
Who was Peter the Great?
This ended the National Convention and created a 2 house legislature in its place:
A junior house called the Council of 500 (similar to the House)
A 250 member senior house called the Council of Ancients (similar to the Senate)
What was the Constitution of 1795?
a constitution that established a weak federal government with very limited powers over the original 13 states. They did establish some important guidelines for the US
What were The Articles of Confederation?
The Montagnards passed this law to protect themselves which allowed them to jail and execute anyone, at any time, who wasn’t a Montagnard.
* This was the beginning of the Reign of Terror, a 10 month campaign during which as many as 200,000 Frenchmen were imprisoned and 17,000 were officially murdered. In total there were between 40,000-50,000 deaths during the Reign of Terror.
What is The Law of Suspects?
John Locke’s 3 purposes of government that correspond precisely with the 3 branches of government outlined in the US constitution
What are:
Legislative branch to write the law
Judicial branch to adjudge the law
Executive branch to enforce the law
Frederick William I and his heirs used these 3 main tactics to transform Brandenburg-Prussia from a wasteland into a major Central European power within just a few decades.
What is (1) Militarism, (2) Compulsory Education, and (3) Racism and Nationalism?
Historians dubbed this a “Revolution” because it swept so many Federalists out of power. Before this, the Federalists controlled the Presidency and both houses of Congress. After this, they controlled none of these. The American people turned against the Federalists so strongly mainly because the Federalists passed the Alien and Sedition Acts, which denied the freedoms for which so many Americans had fought and died in the Revolutionary War.
What is the Election of 1800? "Revolution of 1800"
They appealed directly to King George III in the Olive Branch Petition asking him to intervene with Parliament on the Colonies’ behalf. King George III rejected the petition and instead issued the Proclamation of Rebellion, declaring that the colonies were in “open and avowed rebellion” against the crown.
What is the Second Continental Congress?
When The Grand Alliance was no longer excited about Charles becoming Spain’s king and Most of Europe was exhausted from more than a decade of war, they agreed to this "peace" which ended the War of Spanish Succession by dividing Spain between Philip and Charles.
What was the Treaty of Utrecht?