Shoulder& Arm
Which muscle is primarily responsible for shoulder abduction?
A. Biceps brachii
B. Pectoralis major
C. Deltoid
D. Trapezius
Answer: C. Deltoid
Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for flexing the wrist?
A. Extensor carpi radialis longus
B. Brachioradialis
C. Flexor carpi ulnaris
D. Supinator
Answer: C. Flexor carpi ulnaris
Which muscle is primarily responsible for elevating the ribs during inhalation?
A. Internal intercostals
B. External intercostals
C. Diaphragm
D. Rectus abdominis
Answer: B. External intercostals
Which of the following muscles is located on the side of the face and is active when clenching the jaw?
A. Temporalis
B. Masseter
C. Sternocleidomastoid
D. Buccinator
Answer: B. Masseter
What is the study of human movement called?
A. Pathology
B. Physiology
C. Kinesiology
D. Neurology
Answer: C. Kinesiology
Which muscle flexes the elbow and also assists in supination of the forearm?
A. Triceps brachii
B. Brachialis
C. Biceps brachii
D. Coracobrachialis
Answer: C. Biceps brachii
Which muscle is located in the posterior forearm and helps extend the fingers?
A. Flexor digitorum profundus
B. Palmaris longus
C. Extensor digitorum
D. Pronator teres
Answer: C. Extensor digitorum
Which muscle is commonly referred to as the “six-pack” muscle?
A. Transversus abdominis
B. Rectus abdominis
C. External oblique
D. Iliocostalis
Answer: B. Rectus abdominis
Which muscle assists in elevating the mandible and lies in the temporal fossa of the skull?
A. Temporalis
B. Masseter
C. Buccinator
D. Occipitalis
Answer: A. Temporalis
Which plane of motion divides the body into left and right halves?
A. Frontal plane
B. Sagittal plane
C. Transverse plane
D. Horizontal plane
Answer: B. Sagittal plane
Which muscle originates on the scapula and inserts on the olecranon process of the ulna?
A. Brachioradialis
B. Triceps brachii
C. Infraspinatus
D. Teres major
Answer: B. Triceps brachii
Which forearm muscle assists in supination and originates on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?
A. Pronator teres
B. Brachialis
C. Supinator
D. Flexor carpi radialis
Answer: C. Supinator
Which group of muscles runs parallel to the spine and helps extend the vertebral column?
A. Erector spinae group
B. Multifidi
C. Rotatores
D. Quadratus lumborum
Answer: A. Erector spinae group
Which of the following muscles flexes the neck and rotates the head to the opposite side when acting unilaterally?
A. Scalenes
B. Masseter
C. Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
D. Temporalis
Answer: C. Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
What type of joint movement increases the angle between two bones, such as straightening the elbow?
A. Abduction
B. Extension
C. Flexion
D. Rotation
Answer: B. Extension
Which rotator cuff muscle is primarily responsible for external rotation of the shoulder?
A. Subscapularis
B. Supraspinatus
C. Infraspinatus
D. Teres major
Answer: C. Infraspinatus
Which muscle flexes the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers and lies deep to flexor digitorum superficialis?
A. Flexor digitorum profundus
B. Flexor carpi radialis
C. Extensor indicis
D. Lumbricals
Answer: A. Flexor digitorum profundus
Which deep muscle of the back originates on the sacrum and transverse processes and inserts on spinous processes, playing a key role in spinal stabilization and extension?
A. Semispinalis
B. Multifidus
C. Spinalis
D. Iliocostalis
Answer: B. Multifidus
Which muscles attach to the cervical transverse processes and the first two ribs, assisting with both lateral flexion of the neck and elevation of the ribs during inhalation?
A. Platysma
B. Splenius capitis
C. Scalenes
D. Suboccipitals
Answer: C. Scalenes
Which of the following best describes a concentric muscle contraction?
A. The muscle shortens while generating force
B. The muscle lengthens while generating force
C. The muscle holds a fixed length under tension
D. The muscle relaxes completely during movement
Answer: A. The muscle shortens while generating force
Which muscle both flexes the shoulder and adducts the humerus, and originates from the coracoid process?
A. Coracobrachialis
B. Deltoid
C. Latissimus dorsi
D. Teres minor
Answer: A. Coracobrachialis
Which muscle originates on the anterior surface of the ulna and inserts on the distal phalanx of the thumb, allowing flexion of the thumb at the interphalangeal joint?
A. Flexor pollicis brevis
B. Abductor pollicis longus
C. Flexor pollicis longus
D. Extensor pollicis longus
Answer: C. Flexor pollicis longus
Which muscle attaches to the 12th rib and transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae, and assists with lateral flexion of the spine and stabilization of the rib cage during breathing?
A. Psoas major
B. Latissimus dorsi
C. Quadratus lumborum
D. Serratus posterior inferior
Answer: C. Quadratus lumborum
A client presents with anterior neck tension and difficulty turning their head to the right. Upon palpation, you note tightness in a muscle that originates on the manubrium and clavicle, and inserts on the mastoid process. Which muscle is likely involved, and what action is limited?
A. Left sternocleidomastoid; rotation to the right
B. Right sternocleidomastoid; rotation to the left
C. Left scalenes; lateral flexion to the right
D. Right temporalis; elevation of the mandible
Answer: A. Left sternocleidomastoid; rotation to the right
During a squat, which type of contraction is occurring in the quadriceps as you slowly lower yourself toward the ground?
A. Isometric
B. Concentric
C. Eccentric
D. Reflexive
Answer: C. Eccentric