Materials
Of the five electromagnetic forces, “chemical crosslinks” generally refer to this type of bond in biomaterials
Covalent bonding
This is the process of a materials integrating itself with bone
Osseointegration
This describes the homogeneity of the molecular weight of a polymer batch
Polydispersity
These unique cells are typically the next-stage evolution of overly-frustrated macrophages
Foreign Body giant cell
Rather than measuring the force and stress normal to the cross section of the material, this is dependent on the force vector parallel to the cross section of a sample
Shear stress
Despite its inflammatory-like name, this is the body's natural response to an implanted biomaterial.
Foreign Body Reaction
A crystalline polymer brought above it’s crystalline melt point is reverted back to this state
Amorphous
These “first responders” of the immune system are known for their multi-lobed nuclei
Neutrophils
Stress is the intrinsic version of this extrinsic vector quantity
Force
In contrast to apoptosis, this form of cell death typically leads to inflammatory reactions by the immune system
Necrosis
The Cordis Cypher stent infamously caused this type of adverse reaction
Thrombosis
Cells undergoing necrosis are likely to release these, initiating an inflammatory reaction
DAMPS
This is the amount of stress a material can withstand before undergoing permanent deformation
Yield Strength
This type of cell study involves complex mixtures of adhesive proteins with or without ones removed, and is a more realistic way to determine adhesion actors in vivo
Depletion study
To describe how susceptible patients were to certain ailments and diseases after receiving breast implants compared to non-patients, the NEJoM articles used this metric
Relative Risk
The formation of this bacterial ECM-like substance can prevent the efficicacy of antibiotic treatment
Biofilm
This test subjects samples to a fixed load, while measuring the variable strain that changes over time under that load
Creep Test
Stems cells have two defining traits: self-renewal, and this
Differentiation
Crystallinity in polymers is known to prevent this, one of two primary polymer degradation pathways
Hydrolysis
These are three components that activate platelets
Thromboxane, ADP, and thrombin