Exercising Muscle
This mineral binds to troponin on actin, allowing the troponin to pull tropomyosin off the active sites so that myosin can attach to the actin.
Calcium
This form of calorimetry involves the measurement of oxygen used and carbon dioxide produced.
Indirect Calorimetry
On a hot and humid day, a majority of blood flow will go to the muscles during exercise. Which organ will likely receive the second-most amount of blood during exercise on a hot and humid day?
Skin
What is the word to describe the process of cutting back training in the last few weeks before a marathon? The goal of this process is to get the runner to the start line feeling energized and ready to perform, but without them losing fitness.
Tapering
What sport of the following would have the highest MET value?
Golf, Bowling, Hockey, or Archery
Hockey
Eliud Kipchoge (marathon runner) likely has a majority of what type of muscle fiber in his legs?
Type I (Slow-Twitch)
This aspect of total metabolic rate is similar to basal metabolic rate, but is much easier to measure.
Resting metabolic rate
If someone is dehydrated, will their hematocrit be higher, lower, or the same when compared to their normal hematocrit?
Higher
This principle helps explain why one person may become super strong after following a strength program, while another person may not increase their strength at all after following the same strength program.
Principle of Individuality
At rest, who would have the highest cardiac output: a sedentary male, a lightly active male, or a marathon runner
Cardiac output (at rest) would be about the same for each
A plank is an example of what type of muscle contraction?
Static (isometric)
Of the three macronutrients, which macronutrient has the highest thermic effect of food?
This node is the pacemaker of the heart and where the electrical signal begins. If there was no extrinsic influence on heart rate, this node would produce a heart rate of 100 beats/minute.
SA (sinoatrial) node
Athletes can return to former fitness levels more quickly than non-athletes because of what neurological process?
Muscle memory
On the Borg Rating of Perceived Effort (RPE) scale, what would be the best example of an activity with a 20 rating?
All-Out Sprint (or anything all-out)
If I run a 400 meter sprint, what energy system will contribute the greatest amount of energy?
Glycolytic System
This theory hypothesizes that the brain protects the body and allows fatigue to prevent serious damage to the body.
Central Governor Theory
The QRS complex in an ECG represents what?
Ventricular depolarization (ventricular contraction)
A bodybuilder may have a year-long training block with 9 months of bulking and 3 months of cutting. The 3 months of cutting would be an example of what type of periodization cycle?
Mesocycle
What is the minimum minutes per week needed to fulfill the vigorous-intensity aerobic activity guidelines in the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans?
75 minutes
While many wrongly believe that lactic acid is what causes delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), DOMS is actually caused by this.
Microtrauma in the muscle (which causes inflammation)
At the crossover point (after which the body starts to use more carbs than fat for fuel), what would the Respiratory Exchange Ratio be?
0.85
What would the total volume of blood pumped in 10 minutes be if the average heart rate is 80 beats/minute and the average stroke volume is 70 mL/beat?
56 L (or 56,000 mL)
This mechanism may contribute 5 to 10% to muscle size increase. There is still not much known about how this mechanism works in humans, but satellite cells are thought to be involved.
Fiber hyperplasia
Oftentimes, aerobic training can result in a decrease in hematocrit (which almost seems counterintuitive). What is the main reason for this decrease?
Increase in plasma volume