Scientific method
What is the difference between a law and a theory?
A law explains the WHAT and a theory explains the WHY.
What is a polar molecule?
One side is negatively charged, one side is positively charged.
What is the primary component of fossil fuels?
Carbon dioxide
What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles, while prokaryotes do not.
What are 2 types of microscopes that use light?
Dissecting and compound
What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
Primary has no soil while secondary has soil.
What is an estuary?
Where salt and fresh water meet. These can also be salt marshes, mangrove forests, swamps.
What makes a hypothesis valid?
It must be testable!
What charge is oxygen, what charge is hydrogen?
Oxygen is negative and hydrogen is positive. Oxygen is electronegative!
What are 2-3 things that contribute to the release of carbon into the atmosphere?
Fossil fuels, deforestation, urbanization
What is the difference between a plant and animal cell?
Animal cells have centrioles and small vacuoles that contain cell waste.
Both have cell membranes, mitochondria, ribosomes, ER, golgi body, nucleus, etc.
What types of microscopes can you view living things under?
Compound and dissecting
What is a primary consumer?
They are herbivores that eat autotrophs.
List the zones of a freshwater body of water.
Littoral, limnetic, photic, profundal, benthic.
What is the difference between an independent and dependent variable?
Independent variable is the thing you are changing. The dependent variable is what you measure. It is the outcome of your experiment.
What is cohesion and adhesion?
Cohesion is attraction to like molecules (water and water) and adhesion is attraction to a different molecule (water and glass).
How do humans impact the water cycle?
Runoff, fertilizers, herbicides, oil, pet and human waste, litter, etc.
What is the role of a protein?
To make enzymes, form tissue, create the cytoskeleton, build muscle, etc.
What are the 3 parts of cell theory?
1. All living things contain cells
2. Cells are the basic units of life
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
How much energy moves up from each trophic level?
10%. The rest is lost as heat as the animal grows, moves, or reproduces.
List the zones of an ocean.
Intertidal zone, neritic, oceanic, photic, aphotic, abyssal, benthic.
What is something that all living things have in common?
All living things contain DNA
Is ice less dense or more dense than liquid water?
Less dense. The molecules spread out and allow it to float on liquid water.
When an invasive toad is released into an environment where it does not belong, what will happen to the toads population?
It will grow exponentially as it does not have any natural predators.
What is a monomer and a polymer?
Monomers make up polymers. They are the building blocks.
What is the job of a lysosome?
To break down cell parts. They contain digestive enzymes.
What is a limiting factor?
Something that limits the size of a population in an area. Food, shelter, disease, mates.
What is osmosis?
The movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration.
You suggest that water could increase the growth of mold. This is a hypothesis, conclusion, experiment, analysis.
Hypothesis
What is homeostasis?
The bodies ability to maintain a stable internal environment. A self regulating process that adapts to external changes (sweating, hormone release, etc)
What are the steps of the water cycle?
Evaporation (transpiration), condensation, precipitation, run-off, infiltration, ground water, back into the ocean.
List the monomers of each biomolecule.
Carbohydrates: monosaccharide
Lipids: Glycerol and fatty acid
Protein: amino acid
Nucleic acid: nucleotides
List the 4 types of microscopes from least amount of power to highest.
Dissecting, compound light, SEM, TEM
Draw an exponential growth graph and a logistical growth graph. Which one is more realistic?
Exponential is a j curve and has no limiting factors acting upon it. Logistical growth curve is an S shape and is more realistic due to limiting factors and carrying capacity.
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Passive does not use energy and goes with the concentration gradient (simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis)
Active goes against the concentration gradient and uses energy. (exocytosis, endocytosis, sodium potassium pump)