Systems/Institutions
A self sufficient estate or piece of land owned by a lord
A manor
These people invaded and brought down the Roman Empire
Germans/barbarians
a poor farmer of low social status
Peasant
Years of the Middle Ages
500-1500
Religious wars over the Holy Land
Crusades
A decentralized system of government
Feudalism
Frankish king who reunited much of Europe
Charlemagne
A title of honor or nobility given to anyone who attains the rank of a peer.
Lord/Noble
The year the Crusades began
1095
Longest war in history- fought between French and English
Hundred Years' War
This was considered power during the Middle Ages
Land
17 year old peasant girl- turning point of Hundred Years' War
Joan of Arc
the action of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Church.
Excommunication
Year the Reconquista was completed
1492
long Christian campaign to recapture Spain and Portugal
Reconquista
Code of Conduct for knights
Chivalry
King and Queen- reunited Spain
Isabella and Ferdinand
A servant/laborer who is tied to the manor
Serf
The Black Death in Europe
1347-1352
bubonic plague pandemic
The Black Death
This institution controlled knowledge and stabilized Europe
The Catholic Church
This person called for the Crusades to begin
Pope Urban II
one tenth of annual produce or earnings, formerly taken as a tax for the support of the Church
Tithe
The Hundred Years' War
1337 – 1453
A title given to the Middle Ages for its's lack of learning and achievements
The Dark Ages