Geography
This mountain range runs across central Europe and helped form a natural barrier between northern and southern regions.
The Alps
Who called for the First Crusade in 1095, urging Christians to reclaim the Holy Land?
Pope Urban II
The Black Death is another name for this disease (two-word name starting with "B").
Bubonic Plague
Monasteries helped preserve this by copying books and manuscripts during the Middle Ages.
Latin Language
This document from 1215 limited the English monarch’s power and established legal rights like trial by jury.
Magna Carta
Name the ocean current that brings warmer water and milder climates to western Europe.
North Atlantic Drift
Name the Muslim leader who recaptured Jerusalem in 1187 and fought against the Crusaders.
Saladin
This political system collapsed because of the Black Death, the Crusades, and a rise in Absolute Monarchy.
Feudalism
These religious communities were more rural, and they served as the homes for Monks and Nuns to become closer to God.
Monasteries
Joan of Arc, the Battle of Agincourt, and Henry V were all associated with this European conflict between France and England.
The Hundred Years War
This plain stretches across much of northern Europe and provided fertile land for farming and easy movement of armies.
North European Plains
Which English king was a key leader during the Third Crusade and known for his military reputation?
Richard the Lionheart
This economic system emerged after the Black Death due to an emerging merchant class and banking system. (It's what America has today)
Capitalism or Market Economy
This was the title of the leader of the Roman Catholic Church.
Pope
This figure won the Battle of Hastings and took control of England in 1066.
William the Conqueror
This body of water separates southern England from mainland Europe and was a major route for trade and invasion.
English Channel
The Second Crusades were called for when Muslims recaptured this Crusader State.
Edessa
This is what caused the Black Death to spread from Rats to People.
Fleas
These church officials elected the Pope.
Cardinals
This was the Spanish and Portuguese attempt to keep non-Christians from returning to power in the Iberian Peninsula.
The Spanish Inquisition
These mountains mark the traditional boundary between Europe and Asia.
Ural Mountains
This was the name of the attacks on Jewish communities in Europe during the Crusades.
Pogroms
This is the Bacteria that caused the Black Death.
Yersinia Pestis
This action was the main way that the Catholic Church could punish nobles and rulers in Europe.
Excommunication
This European Monarch is responsible for spreading Catholicism across Europe, founding the Holy Roman Empire, & establishing the system of Feudalism.
Charlemagne