The Kingdom located at letter C
What is England?
The people in an inferior position who pledge service to the liege in exchange for land.
Who are Vassals?
This Duke of Normandy led an invasion of England and united it under one rule (his).
Who is William the Conqueror?
A self-sufficient farming community controlled by a nobleman that formed the basic economic unit of the Middle Ages.
What is a manor?
Although it intended to retake Jerusalem, the Fourth Crusade instead sacked this Christian city in 1204.
What is Constantinople?
The city the Christians trying to conquer during the Crusades
What is Jerusalem?
The land recieved from a liege in exchange for service.
What is a Fief?
This person was the founder who started the Merovingian dynasty in the Frankish Kingdom
Who is Clovis I?
The primary benefit received by the Serfs in exchange for their work on the Manor.
What is protection?
The architectural technique shown here:
What is a Flying Buttress?
This disease quickly reached epidemic levels in Asia, North Africa and Europe and became known as the Black Death
What is the bubonic plague?
The code of conduct for knights, including loyalty, generosity, and protection.
What is Chivalry?
This Queen of Castile united the Spanish kingdoms, completed the Reconquista, and sponsored the voyage of Christopher Columbus.
Who is Queen Isabella I?
Most peasants could not read, meaning it fell to this group of people to preserve literacy during the Middle Ages.
Who are monks?
this figure is most famous for calling for a holy war and launching the First Crusade
Who is Pope Urban II?
Which historical person's death resulted in the division of territory shown here?
Who is Charlemagne?
This was a punishment the Catholic Church could impose on rulers who disobeyed Church authority. It meant they were kicked out of the Church.
What is Excommunication?
This person started the Carolingian dynasty in the Frankish Kingdom.
Who is Pepin the Short?
By the end of the Middle Ages, farmers had learned to use this agricultural technique to replenish the soil on their farms.
What is three-field crop rotation?
The title of Thomas Aquinas' most famous book, which influenced European philosophy and theology.
What is Summa Theologica?
The Kingdom located at letter A
What is Castile?
The legal document that King John was forced to sign, guaranteeing rights to his rebellious barons.
What is Magna Carta?
The official titled bestowed on Charlemagne by the Pope, reflecting an achievement not seen since the fall of Western Rome.
What is Emperor?
A peasant girl who inspired the French forces during the Hundred Years' War and was martyred by the English.
Who is Joan of Arc?
This Muslim leader fought against the armies of the Third Crusade and is remembered as a skilled military tactician and leader.
Who is Saladin?