Kings
The king of the Franks and the first Holy Roman Emperor.
Who is Charlemagne?
Developed the heliocentric (sun in the middle) theory of the solar system.
Who is Copernicus?
Major sea that supported European trade routes and the spread of culture.
What is the Mediterranean Sea?
The head of the Roman Catholic Church.
This social system took over after the fall of the Roman Empire. Nobles offered protection in self-sufficient communities in return for service.
What is Feudalism?
A disease that killed 1/3 of Europe's population
What is the Bubonic plague/Black Death?
The leader of the Norman Invasion and new king of England
Who is William the Conqueror?
Astronomer who tracked the movement of planets. Came up with the laws of planetary motion.
Who is Johannes Kepler?
The mountain range separating Europe and Asia.
What are the Ural Mountains?
The split between the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches.
What was the Great Schism?
In medieval Europe, an agricultural estate that a lord ran and peasants worked.
What is a Manor?
This animal carried the plague to Europe on ships
What are fleas?
The marriage of these two rulers unified the Spanish kingdoms of Castile and Aragon
Who are Ferdinand and Isabella?
The spread of European control of Spain and removal of Muslim and Jewish influence through the Spanish Inquisition.
What is the Reconquista?
The longest mountain range in Europe, running through 8 countries
What are the Alps?
To exclude a person from Church membership
What is excommunication?
A code of ethics that knights were supposed to uphold developed by the church in the Middle Ages.
What is Chivalry?
This social system declined in Europe after the plague
What is the Feudal system?
Frankish king who was continually excommunicated and never invested as Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Gregory VII.
Who was Henry IV?
A series of bloody wars by European christians to recapture the Holy Land of Jerusalem.
What are the Crusades?
A modern country that contained most of Europe's largest banks during the Middle Ages.
What is Italy?
A woman granted saint hood by the Catholic Church in 1920
Who was Joan of Arc?
A tenant to a lord, who exchanged loyal service for protection, food, and farmland.
Who is a vassal?
The plague was thought to be a punishment from God on the church or poisoning by this group.
Who are European jews?
The year of the Battle of Hastings
What is 1066?
Joan of Arc famously fought in this battle.
What is the Battle of Orleans?
A flat grassy plain extending from France to Poland.
What is the North European Plains?
What are monastic orders?/ What is monasticism?
Groups representing the merchant members of a particular industry.
What are guilds?
The plague travelled from Asia to Europe on this road.
What is the Silk Road?
The most famous priest-scholar of the Church
Who is Thomas Aquinas?
A name for slave peasants who were bound to the land.
What are serfs?