Black Death & Society
What was the effect of the Black Death on European population?
It caused a large decline in population.
What important document limited the king’s power in 1215?
The Magna Carta
What is the Great Schism?
The split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church
During the Middle Ages, this institution was not only a spiritual center but also the primary patron of art, learning, and culture across Europe.
What is the Catholic Church?
Who was the powerful ruler who united much of Western Europe?
Charlemagne
What social system was weakened by the Black Death?
Feudalism
What is the similarity of the Classical Roman System of justice and Justinian's Code?
They were both written down and used by other legal systems (USA).
What happens when kings and nobles fail to listen to the pope?
They get excommunicated by the Pope
What city was the Byzantine Empire's capital and trade hub?
Constantinople
What war between England and France helped end feudalism?
The Hundred Years’ War
How did the Black Death affect trade and labor demand?
Trade and labor demand declined.
What is the purpose of the Magna Carta?
To limit the King's power
What branch of Christianity spread from the Byzantine Empire?
Eastern Orthodox Christianity
What were the routes called that merchants used for buying and selling goods?
trade routes
How did the Hundred Years’ War change military strategies?
It introduced new weapons (longbow and cannon) and reduced the importance of knights.
What is feudalism?
A social system where kings gave land to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military service.
What was Justinian’s Code?
A collection of laws that organized and clarified Roman law.
What was the name of the Holy Land that was fought over by Jews, Muslims and Christians?
Jerusalem
How did the Crusades impact trade and cultural exchange?
They increased contact and trade between Europe and the Middle East (cultural diffusion)
What is a manor?
Peasants worked the land in return for protection, while pledging loyalty to the king
What similarity does the caste system share with feudalism?
Both divided society into hereditary social classes with limited mobility.
Who blended Christian theology with classical philosophy?
Thomas Aquinas
What religious wars aimed to reclaim the Holy Land?
The Crusades
What is a key difference between Medieval and Classical art?
Medieval art focused on Christian themes; Classical art emphasized idealized human forms.
After Rome's fall, Western Europe became politically fragmented, and this seafaring group further disrupted the region through violent invasions, contributing to widespread divisions.
The Vikings