Who/What?
This man famously won the Battle of Hastings in 1066 and became the king of England
Who is William the Conqueror
The 3 key parts of the feudal system are often called the "3 F's;" name 2 of the 3
Fealty, fief, faith
Men and women who devoted their lives to the Church, lived in monasteries or convents, and followed strict rules were called these
Monks and nuns
A practice where accused people underwent dangerous tests, believed to reveal God's judgment (for example, holding hot iron) was called this
Trial by ordeal
Name one major reason people joined the Crusades
To reclaim the Holy Land, religious salvation, land/wealth, adventure
Name one of the three contenders for the throne in 1066
Who is...
Harald Harada
William of Normandy
Harold Godwinson
This is the agreement between a lord and vassal outlining duties and obligations
Feudal contract
Name 2 vows a monk would have to make
Poverty, chastity, obedience
Give one example of a trial by ordeal
Holding hot iron (trial by fire), being submerged underwater (trial by water), swallowing a dry lump of consecrated bread or cheese to prove their innocence.(trial by cake),
A series of wars fought between European Christians and Muslims over control of the Holy Land are called these.
The Crusades
This document, ordered by William the Conqueror, recorded landholdings and resources across England to help him govern and tax
What is the Domesday Book
These people lived on a manor, worked the land, could not leave without permission, and owed labor to the lord.
Serfs
Paintings in churches that showed scenes of judgement and afterlife to teach people moral lessons were called these (often placed to remind people of sin and salvation).
Doom paintings
The court that handled issues for nobles and royal matters
Royal courts
Name one impact of the Crusades on Europe
Increased trade, cultural exchange, weakened feudal lords, strengthened kings, contact with new ideas
A long, embroidered cloth that tells the story of the Norman conquest and the events around 1066.
What is the Bayeux Tapestry
A regular payment to the Church, usually one-tenth of a person's produce or income.
List two of the "4 routes" to get to heaven described in medieval teaching
Pilgrimage, becoming a monk/nun, buying your way, the priest
Explain the reasoning behind trial by ordeal — why did people believe it worked?
Belief that God would protect the innocent or reveal truth through signs
Give two reasons (one religious and one non-religious) someone might have had for joining a Crusade.
religious: promise of remission of sins; non-religious: chance for land/wealth
Two reasons why William the Conqueror introduced feudalism to England
William introduced feudalism to secure loyalty, organize land control, collect taxes, it worked in France....
Label the levels of the feudal pyramid in order from highest to lowest and give one role/responsibility for two levels.
King, nobles/lords, knights/vassals, peasants/sergs
Kings granted land, lords provided protection and managed manors, knights served in the army, serfs/peasants worked the land
Explain how and why the Church influenced daily life in Medieval Europe. Include the roles of monks/nuns and tithe in your answer.
Explain the differences between the Royal and Manor courts
Royal Court: handled serious crimes, appeals, involved royal officials; Manor Courts: local disputes over land, labor, petty crimes, led by the lord; differences in rights and punishments
Name 2 long-term impacts of the Crusades on medieval Europe
expansion of trade routes, cultural and technological transfer from the Middle East to Europe, decline of feudalism as nobles spent resources or died, growth of centralized monarchies