Catholic Church
Feudalism
Legal Developments
Big Events
Miscellaneous
100

Who is the leader of the Catholic Church?

the pope

100
In the hierarchy of feudal society, which group of people farmed the land and provided labor for the other groups?
Peasants (serfs and freemen)
100
This is the group of people who listen to a case and decide whether the defendant is innocent or guilty.
a jury
100
What is the name of the disease that spread across Asia and Europe, killing millions of people?
The Black Death (or bubonic plague)
100
As feudalism made Europe safer, trade slowly began to increase. What grew larger as trade increased?
Cities/Towns (As cities grew, people began to use money & banking, and business grew. A middle class of people developed in cities. Universities opened.)
200
What is a monastery?
A place where monks live and work.
200

In the Middle Ages, peasants were either freemen or _____________, who had few rights. 

Serfs

200
Having an independent judiciary (court system) led to the expectation that everyone followed the same laws. What was this called?
common law
200
The is the name of a series of holy wars fought between European Christians and Muslim Turks in the Middle Ages.
The Crusades
200
Name an important geographic feature of Europe (mountain range, sea, river, etc...)
- Alps, Ural Mountains - Mediterranean Sea - North European Plain - Volga, Rhine, Seine, Danube, Elbe, Loire Rivers
300
List at least 2 contributions monks & nuns made to their communities during the Middle Ages. (How did they help people?)
- schools - hospitals - taught skills (carpentry, weaving) - copied books, made illuminations - farmed, made improvements in farming
300
What was the name of the farming community owned by a lord? (It included the lord's castle, land, and a peasant village.)
a manor
300
What document, signed by King John, limited the king's power and established some rights for freemen?a
the Magna Carta
300
How did the Black Death spread?
The Black Death (probably) began in China and spread along trade routes between Asia and Europe. The Black Death was likely spread by fleas.
300
Who invaded and conquered England at the Battle of Hastings in 1066?
William the Conqueror
400

Scholars like Thomas Aquinas began to use scholasticism in their studies at universities. What is scholasticism?

a way of thinking that combines faith and reason

400
Why did feudalism develop in Europe?
lack of a central government; need for protection and law & order (Lords ruled over and protected the people living on their lands.)
400
What group began as an advisory group for the king and overtime became England's law-makers?
Parliament
400
What were the economic and social impacts of the Black Death? (Because so many people died... what happened in Europe?)
- demand for workers increased - wages increased - serfs/peasants began to demand rights & pay rent - food prices fell - trade decreased - feudalism weakened
400
Who was the medieval King of the Franks who united Europe in one empire and was crowned emperor by the pope?
Charlemagne
500
During the Middle Ages, the Church created a special court to try heretics, or people who held beliefs that conflicted with Church teachings. What was this special court called?
the Inquisition
500
A lord gave his vassals land known as what?
fief
500
This law requires a person under arrest be brought before a judge/court to determine if the person’s imprisonment is lawful; it prevents against wrongful imprisonment.
Habeas Corpus
500
What effect did the Crusades have on European culture & trade?
New ideas (compass, domes, better maps, etc.) helped bring about changes to European society. Introduction to new foods created a demand for trade.
500
Who was the priest & scholar who helped spread the ideas of scholasticism (using reason to explore religion) and wrote about the idea of natural law?
Thomas Aquinas
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