🧠 Brain & Body
This brain region’s maturation allows children to manage several tasks and shift attention effectively.
Recognizing that melted ice can refreeze demonstrates this cognitive milestone described by Piaget.
What is reversability?
Outdoor play improves focus in part because it reduces levels of this stress hormone.
What is cortisol?
A child who feels proud after finishing a project demonstrates this Eriksonian virtue.
What is industry?
A teacher who expects girls to stay quiet and boys to lead demonstrates this type of bias.
What is gender-role stereotyping?
This biological process improves fine-motor control, leading to neater handwriting and better coordination.
What is myelination?
Sorting planets first by size and then by distance from the sun demonstrates this logical ability.
What is classification?
Poor nutrition and unsafe housing are components of this environmental influence on development.
What is socioeconomic status?
A student who stops trying after failure displays this negative resolution of Erikson’s fourth stage.
What is inferiority?
Praising effort rather than innate talent cultivates this type of mindset.
(HINT: Not in notes)
What is a growth mindset?
Earlier development of this skill explains why girls often outperform boys on precision tasks like cutting or drawing.
What is fine-motor maturation?
Remembering how to perform a sequence, like tying shoes or following a recipe, relies on this kind of memory.
What is long-term (or procedural) memory?
Strict dieting often backfires because it slows this body process, promoting long-term weight gain.
What is metabolism?
Children who are quiet, anxious, and socially withdrawn are most vulnerable to this negative peer experience.
What is bullying?
Using only Western success stories in lessons about motivation reveals this instructional bias.
What is cultural bias?
What is age 7?
Creating personal examples that link new and prior knowledge supports this type of learning.
What is encoding?
When a teacher’s communication with parents directly influences a child’s classroom performance, this interaction between the home and school best represents this level of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model.
HINT: Unit 1
What is mesosystem?
This peer status describes students who are both well-liked and cooperative.
What is popular-prosocial?
When teachers praise neatness and punctuality, they often reinforce middle class norms. This is called....
What is the hidden curriculum?
Dysgraphia and dyscalculia are both examples of this broader category of neurological differences that interfere with academic skills.
What are learning disabilities?
Switching attention between two tasks, like taking notes while listening, relies on this limited-capacity mental workspace.
What is working memory?
Children’s academic recovery after divorce is predicted more by this factor than by custody arrangements.
What is parental conflict?
This peer status describes children that are ostracized and may be acting out due to insecurity.
What is aggressive-rejected?
Labeling a student as “slow” can lower expectations and achievement over time, demonstrating this psychological phenomenon.
What is the self-fulfilling prophecy?