Geography & Economy
Fill in the blank: The Middle colonies are sometimes called the ______ of British North America.
breadbasket
Who led the royal governments of the Middle colonies?
the royal governors (directed by the king)
Which religious group traveled to the colonies on the ship named Welcome?
What is one name of an Indigenous group who lived in the Middle Colonies?
the Lenape, the Secatogue or the Susquehannock.
Who founded the colony of Pennsylvania?
William Penn
Name 2 things that created a long growing season in the Middle Colonies.
Long days, plenty of rain, sunlight, moderate climate
How were proprietary governments different than royal governments?
Leaders were selected by members of the colony (not by the king).
Fill in the blank: Quakers are famous for their opposition to _____ in any form.
violence
Fill in the blank: _____ means a child's lineage is traced through the mother.
Matrilineal / Matrilineal clan system
Name 2 states that were once part of the Middle colonies.
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware
Name 1 iron tool that was made in the Middle colonies and shipped to England.
plows, nails, kettles
What 2 things were included in many of the Middle colonies' constitutions?
religious freedom & no taxation without representation
Name 2 religious groups who lived in the Middle colonies.
Quakers, German Lutherans, Amish, Mennonites
What would cause the Lenape people to move to a new location?
The Europeans and the Native AMericans had exhausted the land/natural resources in their current location. They were first pushed out of their own lands.
What area of the world did Henry Hudson explore?
Canada and the Northeastern United States
Name one difference in land formation from the Southern Colonies?
Middle Colonies land was diverse. With woodlands, hills, mountains and plains.
How and/why did the Colony of NJ AND DELAWARE become its own colony?
The Duke of York and William Penn could not control such large areas of the land, so they gave charters to NJ AND EVENTUALLY Delaware TO ALLOW THEM TO GOVERN THEMSELVES.
Were the Middle Colonies diverse in Religion or not?
Yes, they were. They had a tolerance towards all religions.
Name a 4 effects of Colonial Fur trade on the Indigenous peoples.
1. Diseases spread and killed many Indigenous people.
2. They got many iron-based products from the Europeans.
3. Land was taken from them.
4. Their Culture and way of life changed.
Why were the Quakers seen as hypocritical during William Penns time?
1. They believed in equality for all: though William Penn kept enslaved people, and women were not allowed to vote or own property.
What effect did Killing Beavers have on the Eco system?
Beavers build dams. This leads to storage of water, during draughts and minimize flooding, as well as helping to create wetlands. Killing them would affect the water storage and wetlands.
How was the fur trade structured?
1.Indigenous people were trackers and trappers of the animals.
2. They prepared the felts in winter and fall.
3. Then they travelled by canoe or walk to the trading posts to trade.
4. This led to great celebrations.
5. English traders sell their furs to merchants from London.
6. In London these furs were made into clothing and hats.
What is another name the Quakers are known by?
The Religious Society of Friends.
Name at least two of the Five Nations (Indigenous groups) that participated in fur trade with the Europeans.
What did they trade and get from the Europeans?
1. Algonquin, Montagnais, Huron, Iroquois, Ojibwa.
2. They traded fur for: iron made goods like Knives, kettles, needles, Beads, woolen blankets, guns, clothing.
What is the nick name of the Middle Colonies?
why?
1. Breadbasket of Middle Colonies
2. Why: Because they grew WHEAT, BARLEY AND RYE/OATS which were milled and made into flour that makes bread.