General Science
This state of matter that has a definite shape and volume.
What is a solid
Define what is a substance using particle as part of the definition.
one type of material, one type of particle.
What is an element? Use atom in your definition.
A substance with just one type of atom.
What is an atom?
Atoms are the smallest part of an element that can exist.
What can we assume in chemical reactions in terms of atoms and their mass?
That they are the same (equal) before and after the reaction
This state of matter that has its own shape or volume.
What is a gas
What is sublimation
change of state from solid to gas, directly. (no liquid state)
What do elements in the same group usually have in common?
They normally have similar physical and chemical properties.
What are sub-atomic particles?
the parts that make up an atom.
Balance the following chemical reaction:
2Cu + O2 ------> ___CuO
2Cu + O2 ------> 2CuO
Because nickel is a metal it must be a _________ conductor of __________.
Good conductor of heat or electricity
What is an atom?
The smallest part of an element. Each element has its own type of atom.
What is a compound? Use atoms in your definition.
A substance made up of atoms of two or more elements, these atoms are joined together.
What are the 3 sub-atomic particles that make up an atom.
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Balance the following chemical reaction:
___Fe + 3H2SO4 --------> 1Fe(SO4)3 + 3H2
2Fe + 3H2SO4 --------> 1Fe(SO4)3 + 3H2
Rusting is an example of what type of change?
Chemical Change
What is diffusion? Use particles in your definition.
Particles spreading out from areas of high to low concentration.
Mention at least 3 properties of metals and non-metals
Metals
good conductors, shiny, malleable, sonorous when solid, high melting and boiling points
Non-metals
Low melting and boiling points, poor conductors, dull, brittle, not sonorous when solids
What are the relative charges of an electron, neutron and proton?
Electron = -1
Neutron = 0
Proton = +1
Balance the following chemical reaction:
1CH4 + 2O2 --------> ___CO2 + ___H2O
1CH4 + 2O2 --------> ___CO2 + ___H2O
How does a fridge make your food cold?
It pulls heat out of the food.
Particle model and properties
The properties of a substance depend on which at least 3 things of its particles
1) size and shape of particles
2) arrangement of its particles
3) its particle movement
4) strength between its particles
What do physical and chemical properties of a a group tell us?
Physical properties describe how an element in the same group generally behaves.
Chemical properties describe how a substance in the same group generally reacts with other elements.
How can we calculate the relative mass of an atom?
By adding its number of protons and neutrons.
Balance the following chemical reaction:
4(NH4)3PO4 + 3Pb(NO3)4
----->
___Pb3(PO4)4 + ___NH4NO3
4(NH4)3PO4 + 3Pb(NO3)4
----->
1Pb3(PO4)4 + 12NH4NO3