Sources of Stability
Neuroticism or emotional stability, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness
What are the Big 5 personality characteristics?
These types of changes include include physical, cognitive, and life-task changes
What are age-graded changes?
This process usually begins in women in their 40s and lasts for roughly 10 years
Criticism, defensiveness, stonewalling, and contempt
What are Gottman's four horsemen of the apocalypse?
Individual differences in this tend to stabilize with age
What is personality?
These changes may include aging of visual and auditory systems
What are physical changes?
This theorist said that one’s life structure is a pattern of relationships between the self and the external world
John Gottman found this "horseman" to be particularly destructive to intimate relationships
What is contempt?
Differences in personality tend to stabilize by this age
What is 30?
This process includes changes in production of testosterone
What is andropause?
These are major historical events that may affect a cohort's development
What are history-graded changes?
Child-rearing and work
What are two main sources of generativity in midlife?
Genes, biological, and socio-contextual circumstances
What helps explain trait stability over time?
The compilation of skills and information we’ve accumulated in the course of our lives
What is crystallized intelligence?
These are unexpected events, like 9/11 or traumatic illness, that may affect an individual's development
What are non-normative changes?
This role involves helping generations maintain contact with one another
What is kinkeeping?