Photosynthesis
What wavelengths do chlorophylls absorb?
Red and Blue
Rhizoids
Plants roots contributed to what type of rivers?
Meandering rivers
Most terrestrial ecosystems are _____ between the rate of respiration and photosynthesis.
Balanced
All biofuels are derived from?
Plant sugars
The light reactions occur in which specific part of the chloroplast?
Thylakoids
How do land plants obtain minerals?
weathering rocks
Soil is composed of ___ and ____
rock particles and organic material
Name two carbon negative ecosystems
Peatlands and tidal wetlands
Why are cellulose based biofuels hard to make?
Lignin protects the cellulose
How are the banded iron formations in rocks evidence of the great oxygenation event?
Rusted or oxidized iron bands means oxygen must have been present.
Name two reasons why algae and aquatic plants moved to land.
1. more light on land
2. more gasses for photosynthesis
3. more niche habitats
What is transpiration?
The release of water vapor from the plant
Seagrass differ from land plants morphologically (in there design/in there build) because....?
They lack stomata
Name two starch to sugar techniques
Malting
Alcohol making
First gen. biofuels
Why does RUBISCO do photorespiration?
It evolved at a time before oxygenation
Why is lignin alone not a solution to the challenge of stablity?
Does not anchor the plants like roots
Plants such as legumes that put nitrogen back into the soil in the off seasons of agriculture are called ____
cover crops
Why is afforestation only carbon negative sometimes?
If we plant trees in non forested areas= + carbon sequestering
But if we use those plants for materials= +carbon emission
so we can not use those trees for materials
Second generation biofuels are cellulose derived, what parts of the plant would be used for this cellulose?
Husks, wood, non fruiting parts, stalks
What are the components of photosynthesis (name the molecules and energy sources)
CO2+water+sunlight=O2 + glucose
How can plant health be measured
via stomatal efficiency
You extract nitrogenase from a rhizobia and put it in an uncovered petri dish on your desk with the ingredients needed for the enzyme to see if it will fix nitrogen. The enzyme does not fix nitrogen as you expected, Why?
Nitrogenase is oxygen sensitive and was exposed to air with O2
Why are peatlands low in oxygen?
They are water logged and packed densely with peat/moss so oxygen diffuses slower
1. germinate seed
2. germinating seeds release enzymes to break starch into sugar
3. dry down seeds at this time so we can preserve the enzymes and sugar produced