Midterm 1 Review Jeopardy

Lab Safety and Micro-pipetting

100

What pipets would I use to pipet 150.5 ul?

P-200 and P-20

200

What units must I convert mL to in order to use my micro-pipeter 

mL to uL

300

Name 5 kinds of PPE that are required in lab. 

Lab coat, goggles, closed toed shoes, long pants, gloves

400

What am I required to bring to lab every day pre-filled in with necessary components of the lab?

Lab notebook

500

T/F I can pipet 25 uL of solution with my p-20 

F

Serial Dilutions/Graphing

100

Which axis represents the dependent variable? Independent? 

x-axis represents independent variable, y-axis represents dependent variable

200

What 2 formulas do I have to remember for dilutions?

DF= Sample/(Sample+Diluent)

TDF= DF1*DF2*DF3...

300

What is a serial dilution? Why is it necessary? 

 A serial dilution is a stepwise, repeated dilution of a stock solution, necessary for accuracy and to avoid unfathomable amounts of stock solution and diluent.

400

What is a traditional vs non-traditional dilution series?

1/10 vs any other factors

500

What is the null hypothesis

the status quo, the state that is being challenged

Microscopy

100

What lens do you look through?

Ocular Lens

200

What total objective is the 40x objective lens setting the microscope to?

400x

300

What type of microscope do we use in lab?

compound light microscope

400

T/F The scale bar value remains the same on every FOV drawing

F

500

What is the formula to calculate sample size in a FOV. What is the standard number representing the OD of the microscope?

field number

True Length=(Sample Length (mm)/length of scalebar (mm)) * scale bar value (um)

Kohler

100

What is the name of the lens underneath the stage that focuses light and does not adjust magnification?

condenser

200

What is the difference between contrast, resolution, and magnification

• Magnification is the increase in an object's apparent size.
• Resolution is the ability to distinguish fine detail and separate two close objects, including details of a cell such as internal and external components.
• Contrast is the difference in light intensity or color between the specimen and the background, this increases the shape and morphology of membranes.

300

What objective do we first find our specimen at?

4x

400

What objective do we begin Kohler-specific protocol?

10x

500

Why use Kohler?

Provides a standard, allows us to adjust contrast and resolution

Germ Theory

100

What is a characteristic of a prokaryotic cell vs a eukaryote? A virus?

Lacks a nucleus and many other organelles, living vs non-living (virus)

200

What are Koch's Postulates?

• The microorganism must be present in every case of the disease and absent from healthy organisms.
• The microorganism must be isolated from a diseased organism and grown in pure culture.
• The cultured microorganism must cause the disease when introduced into a healthy, susceptible host.
• The microorganism must be re-isolated from the newly infected host and identified as identical to the original causative agent.

300

What was the experimental representative of the "diseased" individual?

The yogurt sample

400

Is E. coli gram positive or gram negative? What about lactobacillus? What is a morphological difference?

E. coli is gram negative (thin peptidoglycan wall, double membrane) , lactobacillus is gram positive (thick peptidoglycan wall, single membrane)

500

What is the positive control of this study?

The pure culture lactobacillus grown in TSB.