Basics
Give one example of a base unit and what it measures.
DOUBLE: give two examples!!!
Liter-volume
gram- mass
sec- time
meter - length
What is the mass of the product (FeO2) if the reactants have a mass of 44.6 g (Fe) and 12.8 g (O2)?
57.4 g
What is the difference between a theory and a hypothesis?
Theory is a big idea supported lots of tests and a hypothesis is a small idea you test.
What are two atoms called when they have the same atomic number but different mass number?
isotopes
What is the electron configuration of Al?
[Ne]3s23p1
What is the difference between a covalent and ionic bond?
Covalent: non metal and nonmetal; share electrons
Ionic: metal and nonmetal, transfer electrons
What is 45,000 in scientific notation?
4.5 x 104
When you chew and digest food, what kind of change does the food experience?
Physical and Chemical
What were Democritus's ideas not science?
They were not supported by experiment
What subatomic particle defines the element?
protons
What is the sublevel and shape of the outermost electron orbital for Sodium.
S sublevel and spherical
A bromine ion gains 1 electron. Write the ion symbol for Bromine.
Br-1
Convert 5.2 grams (g) to milligrams (mg).
5200 mg
Give one example of the law of multiple proportions.
H2SO4 and H2SO3
Dalton's atomic theory had 6 postulates. One postulate states that atoms are indivisible and indestructuble, is this true?
NO
19
What is the electron dot structure for Carbon?
C with a dot on each side for a total of 4 dots
What is the name for Zn(NO2)2?
Zinc (II) nitrite
Give one example of a derived unit.
Liter, density
How would you separate a non-dissolving solid mixed with a liquid?
filtration
What subatomic particle was discovered by researchers using the cathode ray tube?
electron
What happens during alpha radiation?
it loses a He nucleus
What are groups 1, 2, 17, and 18 called?
alkali metal, alkali earth metal, halogen, noble gas,
How many electrons would a nitrogen ion gain/lose?
gain 3
What are conversion factors and how are they used in dimensional analysis?
Conversion factors are ratios that compare two equivalent measurements.
In dimensional analysis, conversion factors are used to cancel unwanted units.
In a 44 g sample of CO2 you have 12 g of Carbon and 32 g of Oxygen. What is the percent by mass of carbon?
27 %
What caused the deflection of the alpha particles in Rutherford's experiment?
nucleus
Why do unstable atomic nuclei emit radiation?
to gain stability
What are valence electrons and why are they important?
Outer shell electrons responsible for all chemical reactions and chemical properties.
What is the formula for nitrogen trihydride?
NH3
Show one example of using dimensional analysis to solve a problem.
answers vary
Seawater is composed of salt, sand, and water. What kind of mixture is this?
heterogenous
What is the difference between mass number and atomic mass?
Mass number = #p+#n
atomic mass = weighted average of all isotopes
How do Rutherford's nuclear model differ from Thomson's model?
Rutherford had a dense positive nucleus with negative outside, Thomson has positive pudding with negative plums.
Why do different elements product different colors when burned?
due to electrons moving between energy levels and releasing photons with unique wavelengths.
What is the chemical formula and name for Mg+S?
MgS
Magnesium Sulfide