Anatomy & Articulation of Resonance
In the developmental condition micrognathia, the _____ is smaller than normal.
Mandible
What do you call the pitch with the frequency of vibration that is most efficient for a specific pair of vocal folds?
Optimal Pitch
True or false: false vocal folds are often used in phonation in addition to the true vocal folds.
False. False vocal folds are generally not used in phonation.
What is the name for the laryngeal cartilage that is shaped like a signet ring?`
cricoid cartilage
which is not categorized as a facial bone?
1. mandible
2. maxillae
3. nasal bones
4. ethmoid bone
5.palatine bones
6.vomer
7. zygomatic bone
4. ethmoid bone- it is a cranial bone
A cleft lip occurs when the ____ suture fails to fuse during development.
premaxillary
A greater vocal fold muscle and tissue mass would decrease or increase fundamental frequency?
decrease
What is the name of the sole abductory muscle of the larynx?
Posterior cricoarytenoid
Which structure (cartilage) of the larynx deflects over the airway opening to help protect the airway during swallowing?
epiglottis (elastic cartilage allows for this)
What is the condition called for generally temporary facial paralysis resulting from damage or trauma to the facial nerve?
Bell's Palsy
An overbite can be described as Class __ malocclusion.
II
What are the three main characteristics that affect vocal fold frequency?
mass per unit length, tension, and length
Are intrinsic or extrinsic muscles of the larynx more critical for swallowing?
extrinsic
The arytenoid cartilages are capable of which types of movement?
gliding, rocking, rotating
The pathology most commonly realted pathology due to smoking that causes increased gelatinous material in the SLLP is called?
Reinke's adema
The cochlea is housed in the _____ portion of the temporal bones.
petrous
Pitch generally _______ as frequency increases and decreases as frequency _____.
increases, decreases
All of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve except the _______ muscle, which is innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve.
cricothyroid
Which layers of the vocal folds compromise the vocal ligament?
intermediate lamina propria & deep lamina propria
Describe the vocal folds in a hypofunctional voice?
they are insufficiently adductued/weak
According to the Myoelastic Aerodynamic Theory, what two factors cause the vocal folds to move back toward the midline?
tissue elasticity and Bernoulli effect
In this register, there is high tension in the cricothyroid muscle, lengthening the vocal folds. There is a slight glottic gap which causes a breathy quality and the vibratory amplitude is less than modal.
falsetto aka headvoice
Which muscle is the primary pitch changer?
cricothyroid
Increased tension of the cricothyroid raises or lowers the pitch?
raises pitch
What is the pathology called with wart like benign masses in the epithelial later with a keratinized stratified squamous epithelial cover?
papillomatosis