Cranial Nerves
This cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell.
What is the olfactory nerve (Cranial Nerve I)?
This type of injury occurs at the moment of trauma and includes damage from mechanical forces such as compression, contusion, or laceration of the spinal cord
What is a primary injury of spinal cord injury?
This rare disorder occurs when the body's immune system attacks the peripheral nerves, often following a respiratory or gastrointestinal infection
What is Guillain-Barré syndrome?
This condition is characterized by deep, constant pain in the belly area or side, back pain, and a bruit in the peri-umbilical area
What is a AAA?
This life-threatening complication of an abdominal aortic aneurysm involves the rupture of the aneurysm, leading to severe internal bleeding.
What is an aneurysm rupture?
High blood pressure, smoking, and diabetes are all risk factors for this condition
What is a stroke?
This cranial nerve controls the muscles responsible for eye movement and pupil constriction.
What is the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III)?
This type of injury occurs after the initial trauma and includes processes like inflammation, ischemia, and cell death, which can exacerbate the damage to the spinal cord.
What is a secondary injury of spinal cord injury?
This condition often begins with tingling and weakness in the feet and legs, which can spread to the upper body and arms, potentially leading to paralysis.
What are the symptoms of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
This condition may present with symptoms such as chest pain, back pain, cough, shortness of breath, and a weak, scratchy voice.
What is a TAA?
Symptoms of aortic dissection.
What are sudden severe chest or upper back pain described as a tearing or ripping sensation, along with shortness of breath and symptoms similar to a stroke?
This medication, often referred to as a "clot-buster," is used to treat ischemic stroke if given within a certain time frame.
What is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)?
This cranial nerve is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing.
What is the trigeminal nerve (Cranial Nerve V)?
This medical emergency involves compression of the nerve roots at the lower end of the spinal cord, leading to symptoms like severe back pain, saddle anesthesia, and loss of bowel or bladder control.
What is cauda equina syndrome?
Treatment options for GBS
What are intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy, plasmapheresis, and supportive care to manage symptoms and complications?
This surgical procedure involves placing a graft inside the aorta to reinforce the weakened area and prevent rupture.
What is endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)?
Bruising around the navel and bruising of the flanks, indicating internal bleeding
What are Cullen's sign (navel) and Grey Turner's sign (flanks)?
This type of stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks or narrows an artery leading to the brain.
What is an ischemic stroke?
This cranial nerve is involved in facial expressions, taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, and the production of saliva and tears.
What is the facial nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)?
This life-threatening condition involves an overreaction of the autonomic nervous system, leading to a sudden and severe rise in blood pressure, often triggered by a spinal cord injury at or above the T6 level.
What is autonomic dysreflexia?
Diagnosis of GBS entails..
What is a combination of medical history, physical examination, nerve conduction studies, and a spinal tap (lumbar puncture)?
This involves teaching patients about the importance of regular monitoring, lifestyle changes such as smoking cessation and healthy diet, recognizing symptoms of rupture, and adhering to prescribed medications.
What is nursing education for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)?
This life-threatening condition involves a tear in the ascending aorta, often requiring emergency surgery due to the high risk of complications like cardiac tamponade, aortic regurgitation, and stroke.
What is a type A dissection?
This type of stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, causing bleeding into or around the brain tissue
What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
This cranial nerve controls the muscles of the tongue, which are essential for speech and swallowing.
What is the hypoglossal nerve (Cranial Nerve XII)?
This rare neurological condition results from damage to one half of the spinal cord, causing muscle weakness or spastic paralysis on one side of the body (ipsilateral) and loss of sensation on the opposite side (contralateral).
What is Brown-Séquard syndrome?
This intervention is often required for patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome who develop severe respiratory muscle weakness, leading to respiratory failure.
What is mechanical ventilation?
This condition involves the weakening and dilation of the abdominal aorta wall, often due to atherosclerosis, leading to a risk of rupture if left untreated.
What is a AAA?
This condition involves a tear in the descending aorta, often managed with medications to control blood pressure and pain, with surgery reserved for complications like malperfusion or aneurysm formation.
What is a type B dissection?
This medication, used to treat ischemic stroke, is contraindicated in patients with a history of intracranial hemorrhage, uncontrolled hypertension, or recent major surgery.
What is tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)?