Chemistry
What is contained in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons.
What is an organelle?
What is the formula for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is the function of mitosis?
What is the function of Meiosis?
In meiosis, a cell divides to produce four genetically different gametes. In men, all four gametes produced are functional, while in women, only one functional gamete is produced.
What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond is the mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms.
What are three organelles found only in plant cells?
Cell wall, chloroplasts, and central vacuole.
What is the formula for cellular respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is the 'S' stage?
The stage in which the cell duplicates its DNA.
What happens in Anaphase I?
Homologous pairs of chromosomes are pulled apart by spindle fibers.
Name three organic functional groups.
3 of the following: Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Hydroxyl, Amino, Sulfhydryl, Phosphate
Explain the function of the lysosomes.
Lysosomes dispose of waste within the cell and turn that food into energy.
What plant organelle is responsible for photosyntesis?
Chrloroplasts
Explain the order in which the processes of mitosis occur.
Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophse.
What happens in Telophase II?
The second division occurs.
Explain Dehydration Synthesis.
Two molecules are joined together by removing H2O.
Explain the function of the Rough ER.
The Rough ER helps make proteins by holding and organizing ribosomes that sit on it.
What are the two products of the light dependent reactions?
NADPH and ATP
Which phase takes up most of a cells life?
Interphase
What do the terms haploid and diploid mean?
Haploid - 23 chromosomes
Diploid - 46 chromosomes
Explain the structure of a phospholipid.
A phospholipid is comprised of a polar phosphate head, and two non-polar fatty acid tails.
Explain the structure of a mitochondria.
A mitochondria has two membranes; a smooth outer membrane and a folded inner membrane. The folds in the inner membrane are called cristae, and the fluid within the inner membrane is called the matrix.
In which stage of respiration is the protein ATP synthase used?
Electron transport chain.
What is the small point that connects two sister chromatids called?
Centromere
How does crossing over contribute to genetic variation?
Crossing over involves genes from a homologous pair of chromosomes mixing and matching to create new, genetically diverse chromosomes. These chromosomes will then help produce an offspring that is not identical to the parents.