Theory
beliefs shared by communicators
What is (the) Common Ground?
Photogenic behavior, starting around 2MO of age
What is social smiling?
Knowing it helps us navigate the world full of different kinds of things
What is generic information?
Apes and dogs distinguish between these types of reasons for the experimenter not giving them a treat
What is unwillingness and inability?
An executable representation of a complex system that uses mathematical frameworks, algorithms and calculations to simulate, analyze, and predict its behavior
What is a computational model?
A list of all the sentences spoken in a context
What is the conversational record?
debated idea about the origin of the human sclera
What is the Cooperative eye hypothesis?
In their imitation, even when it gives them a competitive disadvantage children do these
What is an irrelevant action?
We did not see very many good examples of any animals doing this basic communicative act
What is asking a question?
A framework that models language understanding as hierarchical Bayesian inference about possible utterances
What is the RSA framework (rational speech act)?
"Be clear, brief, orderly"
What is the maxim of manner?
8MO infants only follow gaze if preceded by this
what is ostension (or being addressed)?
the theory that claims that we have a hard-wired learning mechanism that connects being addressed and being taught
What is Natural Pedagogy?
A difference in how the task is set-up with relation to this aspect makes a whole lot of difference in how well chimps generally perform
What is competitive vs cooperative tasks?
In an RSA model they choose an utterance that’d help the literal listener identify the target
What is the Pragmatic Speaker?
Part of sentence meaning that survives negation
what is presuppositions?
A type of study predicated upon infants encoding a relationship between their behavior and things happening
What is a contintency paradigm?
The finding (Keup et al 2013) that overimitation patterns can dissociate from judgements of third party correctness implies a role of this in the phenomena
What is norm-following?
Apes and infants both do this, but apes do it only based on spatial rather than informational considerations
What is specially modulate pointing behavior?
The idea that you should update your beliefs (hypotheses) given some observed data proportionally to your prior belief in the hypotheses times the likelihood of the hypotheses producing the data.
What is Bayes Rule?
temporary agreement about how to conceptualize the referent
If something looks like communication, this helps infants to infer that there was some information transfer happening
What is variable signals?
Originally was explained by perception-action dissociation, but potentially driven by generic information (too)
What is the scale error?
This silly thing might be done by different species for different reasons, but caused by similar things
what is the A-not-B error?
s1:water predator, s2: ruthless person, s3: kind person
What are the world states for a model of metaphor understanding?