The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
What is psychology?
100
Being alert and mentally present for one's everyday activities.
What is mindfulness?
100
Understanding that objects continue to exist even when the objects cannot directly be seen, heard, or touched.
What is object permanence?
100
Another name for efferent nerves.
What are motor nerves?
100
A person's genetic heritage, his or her actual genetic material.
What is genotype?
200
Involves gaining knowledge through the observation of events, the collection of data, and logical reasoning.
What is the empirical method?
200
An individual's level of mental development relative to that of others.
What is mental age?
200
Piaget's four stages of cognitive development.
What are sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, and formal operational stage?
200
The group in an experiment that is as much like the experimental group as possible and is treated in every way like the experimental group except for the change.
What is the control group?
200
The type of research design that allows a research to test for causation.
What is experimental research?
300
This type of research tells us about the relationships between variables, and its purpose is to examine whether and how two variables change together.
What is correlational research?
300
First, find and frame.
Second, develop good problem-solving strategies.
Third, evaluate solutions.
Fourth, rethink and redefine problems and solutions over time.
What are the steps in problem solving?
300
According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to young children's ___________________.
What is the inability to take another person's mental state into account?
300
The variable that changes in an experiment in response to changes in the independent variable.
What is the dependent variable?
300
The participants who are exposed to the change that the independent variable represents.
What is the experimental group?
400
A manipulated experimental factor.
What is an independent variable?
400
The mental activity of transforming information to reach conclusions.
What is reasoning?
400
Kohlberg's stages of moral development.
What are preconventional, conventional, and postconventional?
400
Refers to better recall for items at the beginning of a list.
What is the primacy effect?
400
A memory task in which the individual has to retrieve previously learned information.
What is recall?
500
biological, behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive, evolutionary, and sociocultural
What are the seven approaches to psychology?
500
________________ involves reasoning from specific observations to make generalizations and _______________ is reasoning from a general case that we know to be true to a specific instance.
What is inductive and deductive?
500
An individual recognizes alternative moral courses, explores the options, and then develops an increasingly personal moral code.
What is the postconventional stage of Kohlberg's moral development theory?
500
Attention, deep processing, elaboration, and the use of mental imagery
What are encoding processes?
500
Regarding the levels of processing, this one produces better memory.