Unit 1
What are the monomers of a lipid?
Glycerol and fatty acid chains
What is the function of the ribosome?
Synthesize proteins
Osmosis and diffusion
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide, water and light
What is the complementary strand of the following DNA strand?
ACT TGA
TGA ACT
Which macromolecule provides a waxy coating for plant leaves?
Lipids
DNA
Active transport moves molecules ________ the concentration gradient.
Against
What are the products of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide, water and energy (ATP)
What is the mRNA strand that results from the following DNA strand?
ACT TGA
UGA ACU
How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
By lowering the activation energy.
Which organelle are hair-like extensions that allow protists to move?
Cilia
If there is more salt outside of the cell than inside, that means water will move _________ of the cell and the cell will _______.
outside, shrink
What is the pigment that absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
What is the amino acid sequence coded for by...
CUU CUC AAA
Leu-Leu-Lys
Name two polysaccharides we covered.
Two of the following:
Starch, glycogen, cellulose
Which organelle is membrane-bound?
a) mitochondria
b) ribosome
c) both
mitochondria
The cell membrane is ________ ___________, which means to allow only certain molecules through.
Selectively permeable
What is the function of the inner folded membrane of the mitochondria?
To increase surface area in order to produce more ATP.
Where is an anticodon located?
tRNA
What happens to intestinal protease if it is placed in an environment outside of it's optimal pH range?
It's active site denatures and it can no longer catalyze reactions.
Which organelle controls water balance in protists?
Contractile vacuole
What three macromolecules constitute the cell membrane?
What does ATP become after releasing its energy?
ADP (Adenosine diphosphate)
What are the two categories of mutations? Circle which one is more often harmful.
Point mutation
Frameshift mutation (circled)