Age of Exploration
What was the main goal of European nations searching for the Northwest Passage?
To gain control of the trade route to China.
What philosophical movement during the Renaissance emphasized human value and potential?
Humanism
Who is credited with starting the Protestant Reformation in 1517?
Martin Luther.
Who was the first European to circumnavigate the globe?
Ferdinand Magellan.
What device allowed sailors to find true magnetic north?
The compass.
Which exchange involved the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the New and Old Worlds?
The Columbian Exchange.
Which family supported arts and learning in Renaissance Italy?
The Medici family.
What was one of the main criticisms of the Catholic Church that Martin Luther wrote about in his 95 Theses?
The sale of indulgences.
Which explorer discovered Florida and the Gulf Stream?
Juan Ponce de León.
What did the astrolabe help sailors calculate?
Latitude and longitude.
What did Conquistadors demand from indigenous people in exchange for not destroying their civilizations?
Gold.
Name one of Leonardo da Vinci's famous works of art.
The Mona Lisa
What belief did John Calvin promote that became central to Calvinism?
Predestination.
Which explorer claimed Canada for England?
John Cabot
Name the advancement in shipbuilding that made long voyages possible during the Age of Exploration.
The caravel.
Name a significant effect of the Columbian Exchange on Native Americans.
The spread of diseases.
What innovation helped spread information rapidly during the Renaissance?
The printing press.
How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation?
The Counter-Reformation.
Name the explorer who sailed for Holland and discovered New Zealand.
Abel Tasman.
What technological innovation did Johannes Gutenberg invent during the Renaissance?
The movable-type printing press.
Which nation focused its voyages on the Atlantic Ocean and the coast of Africa in the early 1400s?
Portugal.
What city is often considered the birthplace of the Renaissance?
Florence.
Name the king who founded the Church of England.
Henry VIII.
Which explorer was the first to establish the Silk Road and sail the South China Sea?
Marco Polo
What navigation tool was critical for determining the time of day at sea?
The sextant.