Foundations
What is psychology?
The study of mental processes and behavior
Scientific hypotheses are ________ and falsifiable.
testable
Learning is best defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior that ________.
occurs as a result of experience
Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on the study of ________.
Thinking
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is also known as ________.
blocking
Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in ________.
Philosophy
________ involves observing behavior in individuals in their natural environments.
naturalistic observation
Two forms of associative learning are ________ and ________.
classical conditioning; operant conditioning
A mental shortcut in the form of a general problem-solving framework is called ________.
heuristic
The self-referencing effect refers to ________.
making the material you are trying to memorize personally meaningful to you
A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a(n) ________ psychologist.
I-O
Using existing records to try to answer a research question is known as ________.
archival research
Who proposed observational learning?
Bandura
A specific formula for solving a problem is called ________.
an algorithm
The three functions of memory are ________.
encoding, processing, and storage
The operant conditioning chamber (aka ________ box) is a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning.
Skinner
A(n) ________ is a list of questions developed by a researcher that can be administered in paper form.
survey
The person who performs a behavior that serves as an example is called a ________.
model
Which of the following is an example of a prototype for the concept of leadership on an athletic team?
the team captain
a type of memory loss that prevents a person from forming new memories after a specific event or injury
Anterograde Amnesia
________ is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs.
Maslow
Height and weight are positively correlated. This means that:
As height increases, typically weight increases.
Rewarding successive approximations toward a target behavior is ________.
Shaping
An event schema is also known as a cognitive ________.
script
type of memory loss where a person is unable to recall events, information, or experiences that occurred before a specific point in time
retrograde amnesia