Justifications for Empire
Which belief claimed Europeans had a duty to “civilize” other societies?
The White Man’s Burden
What meeting divided Africa among European powers?
The Berlin Conference
What did colonists seek when demanding independence?
Political self-rule
Which tactic pressures businesses without halting production?
Boycott
What drew people from rural areas into cities during industrialization?
Factory employment
What theory argued that some races were naturally superior to others?
Social Darwinism
Why were African leaders excluded from this conference?
Europeans believed Africa lacked legitimate political authority
Why did natural rights theory encourage rebellion?
Rights exist regardless of government
How does collective bargaining differ from striking?
It involves negotiation between workers and owners
Why were industrial cities unhealthy places to live?
Overcrowding and poor sanitation
How did forced labor benefit colonial economies?
Low-cost production
What major problem resulted from the borders created at Berlin?
They ignored ethnic and cultural divisions
What belief dominated the medieval worldview?
Knowledge came from religious authority
What belief replaced laissez-faire economics?
Government must protect social welfare
How did unsafe working conditions affect labor organization?
They encouraged unionization
Why were these justifications effective in Europe?
They appealed to nationalism and moral superiority
Why do many African conflicts today trace back to imperialism?
Colonial borders grouped rival groups together
Which invention helped spread revolutionary ideas quickly?
The printing press
Why were labor laws controversial at first?
They limited business freedom
Why did urban living increase class divisions?
Wealth determined access to safe housing and services
What lesson did imperial powers learn from successful revolutions?
Control could be challenged
What does this show about European priorities during imperialism?
European interests mattered more than African stability
How did global exploration weaken traditional beliefs?
It provided evidence that contradicted long-held assumptions
How did unions increase workers’ influence over employers?
By negotiating as a group rather than as individuals
How did city conditions contribute to demands for reform?
Harsh living conditions sparked labor and public health movements