Atomic Structure
This particle determines the identity of the atom
Proton
Two objects with the same charge will do this
repel
The region around a charged object where forces can be felt is what?
The electric field
Scientists use this to explain things they cannot directly see.
models
This everyday appliance helps clothes stick together using static charges.
dryer
An atom with equal number of protons and electrons is considered what?
to be neutral
The only particles that move when objects become charged?
electrons
Electric field lines point inward & outward depending on what? Be specific
Type of charge.
outward = positive
inward = negative
Rutherford concluded atoms are mostly empty space based on this observation.
Most alpha particles went straight through
True or False: Protons move between objects when charging occurs.
FALSE
Removing electrons from an atom cause it to become what charge?
Positive
A neutral object can be attracted to a charged object because of what process?
electron shift/polarization
For a negatively charged object, electric field arrows point _____.
inward/toward
Before rubbing, two objects are best described as this.
neutral
What was Rutherford conclusion based on the fact that the (a few) positive alpha particles were repelling/bouncing back?
the nucleus is positive!
What is not found in the nucleus?
Electrons
What situations produce attraction?
positive/negative
positive/neutral
negative/neutral
In Franklin’s Bells, the ball moves because of repeated charging and this force.
Electric attraction/repulsion
After two neutral objects become charged through friction, what might they immediately experience? Why?
Attraction
“5 + 5 ≠ 10” in our liquid lab because of this molecular idea.
Spacing between particles, ethanol was able to fill in between the gaps of water
This famous experiment showed atoms have a small, dense, positive core.
The gold foil experiment (Rutherford)
What factors effect amount of force in an interaction?
Amount of charge, distance, charge type
Why did pie pans pause before flying off the Van de Graaff generator?
The charge/electrons needed to build
Why can two neutral objects NOT both become negatively charged?
conservation of charge
the electrons have to come/go to/from somewhere
How do you find the protons, electrons, and neutrons when making a bohr model?
protons = atomic number
electrons = same as protons, assuming it's neutral
neutrons = mass - atomic #