Enlightenmentment
+100 POINTS
Which Enlightenment thinker believed in natural rights—life, liberty, and property?
John Locke
What were the three social classes of pre-revolutionary France called?
BONUS (+100): What was the peasant class?
The Three Estates
BONUS: Third Estate
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Other than wages, what was one reason they hired children?
Small hands, more obedient.
-200 IF YOU GET IT WRONG
Define Imperialism
A larger country taking over a smaller one.
What economic system allows individuals to own businesses and property?
Capitalism
-100 IF WRONG
Montesquieu’s idea of separating government into three branches was meant to prevent what?
Abuse of power / tyranny
What event is seen as the official start of the French Revolution in 1789?
Storming of the Bastille
These groups worked together to demand better pay and safer conditions.
Unions.
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What is a colony?
A territory controlled by a foreign nation.
What role does competition play in a capitalist economy?
encourages businesses to improve quality, lower prices, and create new products in order to attract customers and make a profit.
What did Voltaire argue for that later influenced the U.S. Bill of Rights?
Freedom of Speech and Religion
EXTRA 100 POINTS
The document which declared “men are born and remain free and equal in rights” is called the "Declaration of the _____________"?
Declaration of the Rights of Man
How did poor working conditions contribute to the rise of labor unions during the Industrial Revolution?
Workers organized to demand safer conditions, shorter hours, and fair pay.
-100 IF WRONG
How might imperialism benefit a European factory owner?
Access to resources.
What problem of capitalism was communism trying to solve?
Wealth inequality/expliotation
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Rousseau believed in a “social contract.” What did this mean?
Government and people have mutual obligations; people give consent to be governed.
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Why were the members of the Third Estate angry before the Revolution?
They paid the most taxes and had no representation in the government
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Explain how the Agricultural Revolution directly contributed to the Industrial Revolution.
Increased food supply leading to population growth and surplus labor for factories?
What are three justifications for Imperialism?
Raw Materials, civilizing lesser nations, stabilizing their government...
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How do capitalism and communism differ in who controls resources?
Private ownership (people/companies) vs. Government.
Explain how Enlightenment ideas challenged the old regime in Europe.
They questioned absolute monarchy and promoted reason, equality, and democracy.
How did the Reign of Terror attempt to protect the revolution but also contradict its ideals?
It used violence to enforce equality and liberty, leading to thousands of executions.
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Name three unfavorable conditions workers had to endure.
Low wages, dangerous machines, long hours, dirty/unsafe conditions.
What is the different between Colonialism and Imperialism?
Imperialism involves indirect control, while Colonialism involves direct control.
EXTRA 100 POINTS
How did Industrial Capitalism lead to the rise of Communism?
Exploitation of workers and wealth inequality led to the desire for a classless, moneyless society.