Chapter 8
What is erosion?
Wearing away and moving materials.
What does Pangaea mean?
"All Land"
Name one fossil fuel.
Oil, natural gas, or coal.
What is a hypothesis?
An educated guess that can be tested..
Molten material beneath Earth’s surface is called…
Magma.
Name the 4 agents of erosion.
Wind, water, gravity, glaciers.
What causes continental drift?
Seafloor Spreading
What is biomass energy?
Energy from burning wood, alcohol, or garbage.
What is a scientific theory?
An explanation backed by repeated tests.
What type of rock forms from heat and pressure?
Metamorphic.
What is plucking?
Ice lifting out rock pieces
What force drives plate tectonics?
Convection Current
What does “renewable resource” mean?
Can be replaced quickly.
What is a constant in an experiment?
A variable that does not change.
What is compaction?
Sediments are pressed together to form rock.
What is a dune?
Sand mound formed by wind
The Indo-Australian and Eurasian plate collision formed what?
The Himalaya Mountains.
What energy comes from hot magma?
Geothermal.
Who said weather could be predicted?
Ben Franklin.
Slow-cooling igneous rock under Earth's surface is called…
Intrusive rock.
What is mass movement?
Erosion as gravity moves material downhill.
What did the Glomar Challenger discover?
Seafloor rock evidence for spreading
What is smelting?
Removing unwanted elements from metal.
Name all steps of the scientific method in order.
Identify problem → Gather info → Make hypothesis → Test → Analyze → Draw conclusion
Who described the rock cycle in 1788?
James Hutton.