Throwback 1: Origins of Life, Water, Cells
This organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells.
Chloroplast
During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids first start to move to opposite poles?
Anaphase
Where in the cell does protein synthesis take place?
Ribosomes
During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
Prophase I
The production of modern day corn is an example of what type of selection?
Artificial Selection
What type of cell has genetic material that is not contained in a nucleus?
Prokaryote/Bacteria
What type of bond holds the DNA bases together in the DNA ladder?
Hydrogen Bonds
What is the name of the process that creates RNA from a DNA strand?
Transcription
What type of inheritance is responsible for the inheritance of skin color?
Polygenic Inheritance
What is an example of sexual selection?
Potential Answers: birds of paradise, peacocks, male elk fighting for mates
What type of chemical bond is responsible for every property of water?
Hydrogen Bonds
If a section of DNA is 40% Adenine, what percent of it is made of Thymine?
40%
What is a codon?
A triplet/trio of mRNA that codes for an amino acid.
If a parent with A blood has a child with a parent with AB blood, which type is not possible?
Type O
What is an advantage of the overproduction of offspring?
Increased Genetic Diversity
What two properties of water make it possible for plants to get water from their roots up to their leaves?
Adhesion and Cohesion
What direction does genetic material get built in?
Built 5’ to 3’
Why do multiple codons contain the code for the same amino acids?
To reduce the effect of mutations.
What are two key features of a pedigree that would tell you that the trait is x-linked recessive?
Possible Answers: females can be carriers, males are more frequently affected, can skip generations
Which force of evolution is the result of a random natural disaster eliminating a trait from the population?
Genetic Drift
What were three features included in the Miller-Urey experiment to replicate early-Earth conditions?
Potential Answers: heat, water, methane, hydrogen gas, energy/electricity
Name and identify the function of two enzymes responsible for controlling DNA Replication.
Potential Answers: DNA polymerase 3, DNA polymerase 1, ligase, helicase, primase
Describe how the CRISPR-Cas9 system edits DNA.
- Targets a specific gene
- Enzyme cuts out that part of the DNA
- Section is replaced with new DNA
The allele for tall plants is A and for short is a. If two heterozygous tall plants have offspring, what percentage of the offspring would be short?
25%
What is an example of an abiotic selective pressure?
Possible Answers: temperature, light, water, etc.