Week 13
A sequence of amino acids within each protein that directs the protein to a specific compartment.
What is sorting signals?
Formed in three steps from choline, two fatty acids, and glycerol phosphate
What is phosphatidylcholine?
Act as molecular switches by hydrolyzing GTP to GDP
What are GTPases?
Intracellular contents of the cytoplasm, excluding membrane-bound organelles
What is the cytosol?
A organelle compartment whose functions include protein synthesis, metabolism of lipids, steroids and carbohydrates along with the detoxification of lipid-soluble drugs and other harmful substances. It also stores Ca2+ ions.
What is smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Formed when oligosaccharides are added to ceramide
What are Glycosphingolipids?
A vesicle protein that activates the hsp70 ATPase to peel the clathrin coat off a protein
What is auxilin?
Ribonucleoprotein molecule that targets proteins to their appropriate location
What is signal recognition particle (SRP)?
A core part of the translocon that provides a channel protein embedded on the ER which contains a plug in its inactive state. The plug is displaced when translocation is ready to begin when a nascent polypeptide is needed to move into the ER.
What is Sec61 complex?
Major sites of oxygen utilization that are found in virtually all eukaryotic cells
What are peroxisomes?
Responsible for the assembly of COPI and clathrin coats at Golgi membranes
What are ARF proteins?
Small, heterogeneous vesicles that are formed from ER fragments and play a role in protein synthesis and lipid transport
What are microsomes?
The biochemical process in which a sugar or carbohydrate by covalent attachment of a precursor oligosaccharide composed of 14 total sugars: 2 N-acetylglucosamine, 9 mannose, and 3 glucose molecules.
What is N-linked glycosylation?
Protein transport into ____ resembles transport into mitochondria
What are chloroplasts?
Largest subfamily of GTPases
What are Rab proteins?
Chaperone protein that assists in folding of nascent proteins and upregulated during unfolded protein response (UPR) in ER
What is binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP)?
A group of transmembrane proteins that serve to translate proteins and the protein is released without using SRP binding. These proteins translocate the C terminus into the membrane post-translationally using chaperone complex Get1-Get3.
What is tail anchored proteins?
Chloroplasts have an extra membrane-enclosed compartment
What is a thylakoid?
Catalyze the reactions involving membrane fusion in vesicular transport
What are SNARE proteins?
Post-translational modification in which proteins are able to attach to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane
What is glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor?