Topic 8
These are present in all cell types regardless of function.
What are housekeeping genes?
These recognize specific sequences of DNA.
What are transcription regulators?
Sphingomyelin is made of sphingosine rather than this molecule in other phospholipids.
What is glycerol?
This process is mediated by transporters whose pumping activity is directional because it is tightly coupled to a source of metabolic energy.
What is active transport?
These have several structurally distinct groups that require zinc atoms for DNA binding.
What are Zinc Fingers?
This phenomenon of DNA methylation is determined from which parent the gene was inherited from if the maternal copy is active and the paternal copy is repressed or vice versa.
What is genomic imprinting?
Cholesterol and this type of hydrocarbon chain leads to reduced fluidity of the lipid bilayer.
What are Saturated Fatty Acids?
This type of K+ channel opens even in an unstimulated or "resting" cell.
What are K+ leak channels?
This motif has two alpha-helices separated by an amino acid spacer and the C terminal helix binds within the major groove of DNA.
What is helix-turn-helix?
This is a type of RNA that functions to create scaffolding for other RNA and proteins to connect, as in the case of Xist in X chromosome inactivation.
What is long coding RNA (lncRNA)?
Bacteriorhodopsin is a proton pump powered by this.
What is light?
These glutamate-gated ion channels carry most of the depolarizing current responsible for excitatory PSPs.
What are AMPA receptors?
This allows gene regulatory proteins to work at a distance.
What is DNA looping?
This RNA molecule defends the cell from viral dsRNA.
What is siRNA?
This class of proteins are not directly integrated into the lipid bilayer.
What are GPI anchored proteins?
This process allows an action potential to move along a myelinated axon by jumping from node to node.
What is saltatory conduction?
This irreversible mechanism attaches itself at histone H3 and H4 causing heterochromatin expression.
What is histone methyltransferase?
This RNA molecule is useful for keeping transposons or jumping genes in check during gametogenesis.
What is piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA)?
This protein in the endoplasmic reticulum guides lipid droplet formation.
What is seipin?
These objects space out the myelin sheath in regular intervals, and are where almost all of the Na+ channels in the axon are concentrated.
What are the Nodes of Ranvier?