Reconstruction / Gilded Age 1
What is the 15th amendment?
Prohibiting the federal and state governments from denying citizens the right to vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude"
What was the main idea of the Reconstruction era?
To rebuild the shattered United States after the Civil War
What were the presidents during the reconstruction era?
Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson and Ulysses S. Grant
True or False: Was the government in favor of small businesses (during Gilded Age)
False
What is the 13th amendment?
Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude across the nation
1870 to 1890?
What were the Gilded Age years?
What is14th amendment?
Grants citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S. and requires states to guarantee all citizens "due process of law" and "equal protection of the laws." Overturned the Dred Scott case
Who coined the term the "Gilded Age"?
Mark Twain
1865 to 1877?
What were the years of the Reconstruction Era?
Who were titans of industry?
Ford, Rockefeller, Vanderbilt, Carnegie
What is the Transcontinental Railroad?
Completed in 1869 at Promontory Summit, Utah, this engineering feat connected the Atlantic and Pacific coasts by rail.
He dominated the oil industry by establishing the Standard Oil Company, creating America's first great monopoly.
Who was John D. Rockefeller
What is Sharecropping?
Sharecropping is a system of agriculture where a landowner allows a tenant to use their land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land.
What is Social Darwinism
This philosophy applied Charles Darwin's theory of biological evolution to human society, arguing that wealth was a sign of natural superiority.
What are Black Codes?
Passed by Southern states immediately after the Civil War, these laws severely restricted the freedom and rights of African Americans.
What were the goals of Radical Reconstruction
Guarantee civil and voting rights for newly freed African Americans; Fundamentally transform Southern society; Ensure the former Confederate states were held accountable for secession.
What is the spoils system?
This term describes the system where victorious politicians rewarded their supporters with lucrative government jobs, regardless of qualification.
What is vertical integration?
This business practice involves buying up all the companies that provide the raw materials and transportation needed to make your product.
What is the Homestead Act
This 1862 act offered 160 acres of free public land to any citizen who agreed to live on it and improve it for five years, sparking massive westward migration.
What were the challenges that the Reconstruction Era faced?
Reintegrating the seceded Southern states into the Union; Rebuilding a devastated southern economy; Defining the legal, social, and political rights of millions of newly freed African Americans
What was the Sherman Antitrust Act
This 1890 piece of legislation was the federal government's first attempt to prohibit trusts and monopolies, though it was initially weak.
What is a scalawag?
This term was applied to native white Southerners who supported the Republican Party and the federal Reconstruction policies after the Civil War
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
This agency was established by Congress in 1865 to provide food, clothing, medical care, and education to newly freed African Americans.
What is a carpetbagger?
This 19th-century term was used by white Southerners to insult Northerners who moved South during Reconstruction
What is the Compromise of 1877
The political agreement settled the disputed 1876 presidential election by awarding Rutherford B. Hayes the presidency in exchange for the removal of all remaining federal troops from the South.