Atoms& Bonding
Number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Atomic Weight
The regular, repeating arrangement of atoms and the resulting external form of a crystal.
Symmetry
How minerals are classified.
Based on anions or anionic group
The bending of light due to a change in the velocity of light between two media.
Refraction
Most common type of phase diagram for binary systems
T-X diagram
Orientation of the electron spin
Spin Quantum Number
The most symmetrical crystal system
Cubic
The classification hierarchy for minerals.
Class, subclass, group, series, species, variety
The absorption of light is a function of direction in an anisotropic medium.
Pleochroism
The initial, critical step where a new crystal phase forms from a supersaturated or supercooled precursor phase, acting as the foundation for further growth.
Nucleation
The number of ions that surround another ion with the opposite sign
Coordination Number
What system is this:
a ≠ b ≠ c, α = γ = 90°, β ≠ 90°
Monoclinic
Amount of crystal systems.
6
Light that vibrates in a single direction
Polarized Light
Crystal property determined by atomic arrangements
Shape
Ratio of the cation radius to the anion radius
Radius Ratio
A4
4-fold rotation axis
Simplest crystalline structures, formed by identical atoms linked by non-directional forces
Metallic crystals (or metals)
Play of Colors and Opalescence
Iridescence
A phase precipitates out of a solid, energetic factors will cause large precipitates to grow, drawing material from the smaller precipitates, which shrink.
Ostwald Ripening
The configuration for the coordination number VI
Octahedral
i
point of inversion
Intergrowth of two separate crystals that are tightly bonded to each other
Twinning
Name for the C-axis in a uniaxial indicatrix
Optic Axis
Change in T over time during crystallization
Cooling rate