Types of Rocks
What are the three main types of rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
What is the thickest layer of Earth?
Mantle
Do rocks always follow the same path in the rock cycle?
No
Heating
Are minerals made of crystals or grains?
Crystals
Which type of rock forms from compacted sediment?
Sedimentary
What is the thinnest layer?
Crust
What happens after weathering?
Sediment forms --> Compaction
What causes minerals to form when water evaporates?
Crystallization
How many types of minerals are there?
Over 5,000
Which type of rock forms from heat and pressure?
Metamorphic
Which core layer is liquid?
Outer Core
What process forms sedimentary rock?
Compaction
What process forms cave columns?
Deposition
Density Formula?
Mass / Volume
Describe how igneous rock forms
From cooled magma or lava
Which layer creates Earth's magnetic field?
Outer Core
What happens to matter in the rock cycle?
It is recycled
What cases metamorphic rocks?
Heat & Pressure
Mass = 5g, volume = 2.5 cm^3
What is the density?
2 g/cm^3
A rock has visible layers and contains pieces of shells and sand.
What type of rock is it, and how did it form?
Sedimentary rock; formed by compaction and cementation of sediments over time.
Explain ONE difference between the inner core and outer core.
Inner core: Solid, hottest layer
Outer Core: Liquid and causes magnetic field
A metamorphic rock is exposed at Earth's surface.
Describe TWO different paths it could take through the rock cycle.
1. Weathering --> Sediment --> Sedimentary Rock
2. Melting --> Magma --> Igneous Rock
What is deposition, and where might you see it happening in nature?
Deposition is when sediment is dropped or laid down after being carried by wind, water, or ice.
It can happen in places like rivers, beaches, or caves.
A mineral has a mass of 10 g and a volume of 5 cm³.
Calculate its density
Explain how density helps identify minerals
Density = 2 g/cm³
Different minerals have unique densities, so it helps identify them