Properties of Minerals
What is luster?
How light shines off of a mineral
This can cool and harden to form igneous rock
magma or lava
What are sediments?
Broken down pieces of Earth's crust
What does "metamorphisis" mean
Change form
Which rock type could contain a fossil?
Sedimentary
The scale used to measure hardness of minerals...
Moh's Hardness Scale
Give 2 examples of igneous rocks
Obsidian, granite, pumice, etc.
Give two examples of sedimentary rocks
Coal, clastic, sandstone, mudstone, limestone, etc.
What processes could change an igneous rock to a metamorphic rock?
Heat and pressure
What is the rock cycle?
Process in which one rock can change into another type of rock
What do all minerals have in common?
Naturally formed, inorganic, solid with crystal structure
Where would you expect to find an igneous rock?
Near a volcano, near a hot spot, ring of fire
What are two ways that sediments are formed?
Weathering and erosion
Give 3 examples of metamorphic rocks
Gneiss, marble, schist
What are intrusive igneous rocks?
Igneous rocks that form inside the Earth?
What is the softest and hardest minerals on the Moh's scale?
Talc and Diamond
What determines the size of the crystals in an igneous rock?
Cooling time
List 3 examples of sediment
rock fragments, mineral grains, sand, plant or animal remains
What are two places you would expect to find a metamorphic rock?
Near a mountain, at lightning strike, meteor impact, hot water
Why are sedimentary rocks typically found near water?
Water weathering material into sediment, provide pressure for compaction, and carries the dissolved minerals that will cement the sediment together.
List 5 examples of luster
Dull, Metallic, Pearly, Shiny, Glassy, Vitreous
This type of igneous rock forms when lava cools on Earth's surface
Extrusive (obsidian)
How do the processes of compaction and cementation form sedimentary rocks?
Compaction presses the sediments together and minerals harden them into rock through the process of cementation
Describe how sediment could become a metamorphic rock
It could compact and cement to sedimentary and then heat and pressure turns it into metamorphic
What is the property that causes a mineral to glow under UV light?
Fluorescence