What are the three characteristics scientists use to classify rocks?
Mineral Composition, Color, and Texture
100
What is a metamorphic rock?
when a rock is changed by heat or pressure or both, or chemical reactions
100
What is the rock cycle?
a series of processes that occur on Earths surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly turn change rocks from one kind to another.
100
What are some example of rocks that you interact with or use daily?
N/A
200
What is the hardest known mineral?
Diamonds
200
What gives rocks their texture?
Grains
(the particles of minerals)
200
What are the two ways igneous rocks are formed and what is each type called?
Igneous Rock- forms from the cooling of magma or lava
The two types are
Extrinsic (made from lava that cools on the surface) and Intrinsic (magma hardens beneath the Earths surface)
200
What step in the rock cycle creates sediment?
Weathering and Erosion
200
How are metamorphic rocks used?
Marble- easy to polish; even grains and easy to cut into thin slabs to carve
Slate-comes in many colors; splits easily into flat pieces (roofing, outdoor walkways, and trim for some buildings)
300
Will a mineral with a hardness of 6 scratch a mineral with a hardness of 8? How do you know?
No, a mineral can only scratch another mineral if it is lower on Mohs Hardness Scale.
300
When rocks have large grains that are large and easy to see it could be described as...
Coarse grained
300
What type of igneous rock is made up of the minerals quartz, mica, feldspar, and hornblende?
Granite
300
How could magma become sedimentary rock? (what process must it go through?)
Magma cools after volcanic activity and become igneous rock--> the igneous rock becomes sediment because of erosion---> then the sediment is compacted and cemented---> that creates sedimentary rock
300
How are sedimentary rocks used?
Chert or Flint- spearheads/weapons
Sandstone and Limestone- buildings
400
What is the name of the property that describes a rocks ability to split along flat surfaces?
Cleavage
400
What are the three ways to describe the texture of rocks?
Grain Size, Grain Shape, and Grain Pattern
400
How are sedimentary rocks formed? (Hint: what processes do they go through?)
Weathering and Erosion- Deposition- Compaction- Cementation
400
What is the first process a metamorphic rock needs to go through to become an igneous rock?
Melting
400
How are igneous rocks used?
Pumice- is abrasive and used for cleaning and polishing
Obsidian- can be used to make sharp tools for sharping
Perlite-mixed with soil and used for growing vegetables
500
How is Halite formed?
Evaporation
500
How would you describe the texture of slate?
(Hint: grain size)
Fine-grained (can only be seen with a microscope)
500
What is a sedimentary rock made up of rock fragments with rounded edges?
Conglomerate
500
Draw a Diagram of the Rock Cycle
(All groups have a chance to earn these points!!!!!!)