Minerals
If I say that a substance is "metallic", which property am I describing?
Luster
What is a solid, natural substance that may be made of multiple minerals?
Rock
Give an example of an igneous rock
pumice, obsidian...
What does the rock cycle show?
A rock's continuing journey
A vertical section of soil that shows all of the different layers is called
soil profile
What mineral property is determined by scratching a mineral across a white tile?
Streak
Rocks are categorized as sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic based on ______________?
How they are formed
Name TWO examples of sedimentary rocks
Limestone, sandstone, shale, coal...
What type of rock is formed by heating and squeezing existing rocks?
Metamorphic
Each layer of soil that has distinct properties is called a
soil horizon
What are THREE ways that minerals form
Evaporation of solutions, lava or magma cooling, heat and pressure (Metamorphism)
The three main categories of rocks
Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic
Give THREE examples of Metamorphic Rocks
Marble, Slate, Gneiss, Schist
Name three way rocks are formed
Heat and Pressure (Metamorphism), cooling lava or magma, sediments compacting and cementing
What are the three types of soil textures?
sand, silt, clay
Name 4 minerals
Diamond, Gold, Silver, Gypsum, Halite, Fluorite, etc....
Metamorphic rocks that have grains that form bands are called
foliated
What are the two types of igneous rocks?
intrusive and extrusive
The PROCESS where sediment becomes glued together is called
cementation
Name FOUR properties of soil
texture, color, chemistry, pour space, fertility
5 characteristics we used to classify minerals
color, luster, cleavage/fracture, hardness, streak
(density, magnetism also accepted)
What are the TWO main reasons that we study rocks?
1. to learn about Earth's history
2. To understand how they can be used
This is a glassy, black rock formed when lava cools very quickly
Obsidian
What are the TWO processes that can turn a sedimentary rock into an igneous rock
melting and solidification
What are 5 layers (horizons) of rock
surface layer, top soil, subsoil, weathered rock, bed rock