Supreme Court Cases
This case led to the requirement that police inform people under arrest of their right to remain silent and their right to an attorney.
Miranda v. Arizona
A law created by a legislative body.
Statute
This amendment guards against unreasonable searches and seizures.
4th
What is the definition of federalism?
Shared power between national and state governments.
Give an example of a reserved power.
Education, marriage/drivers/professional licenses, elections
This case established judicial review.
Marbury v. Madison
The oldest known written law code which used the "eye for an eye" concept for punishments fitting the crime.
Hammurabi
This amendment says any power not specifically given to the federal government belongs to the states.
10th
What are enumerated powers, and who has them?
Specific powers listed in the Constitution that belong to the federal government.
What is executive privilege?
When the president claims the authority NOT to release information, typically linked to national security and similar issues.
This case was about students' right to symbolic expression.
Tinker v. Des Moines
The source of law which is the biggest influence on the U.S. legal system.
English Common Law
Citizenship/equal protection amendment.
14th
What are concurrent powers?
Powers shared by the national and state governments.
What is a social contract?
People agree to be governed. People give up some freedom in order for the government to protect their rights.
This case confirmed the right to a lawyer in both federal and state cases.
Gideon v. Wainwright
True or false: the language in constitution is a source of law.
True
Right against self-incrimination.
5th
Give an example of a concurrent power.
Power to tax, power to make laws, power to have a court system, power to borrow money
What is the primary role of government?
Protect the rights of citizens.
This case confirmed that segregation via "separate but equal" was unconstitutional.
What effect did the Code of Justinian have on law?
Standardized law
No cruel and unusual punishment.
8th
What are reserved powers?
Powers that belong to the states.
What is eminent domain?
If the government needs your property for the common good, they have to pay you for it.