Vasculature 1
Which four structures arise from the internal iliac artery (in order from superior to inferior)?
Superior gluteal artery, obturator artery, inferior gluteal artery, internal pudendal artery
True/False: The internal pudendal artery runs medially to the pudendal nerve through alcock’s canal
False → pudendal nerve is most medial (PVAN = pudendal nerve, internal pudendal vein and artery, and nerve to obturator internus; running medial to lateral)
Which nerve supplies the skin of the medial lower leg?
Saphenous nerve
Describe the branches of the Peripheral Nervous System
Sensory and Motor, under motor there is somatic and autonomic, and under autonomic there is sympathetic and parasympathetic
List all of the muscles that insert on the proximal medial surface of the tibia, and their innervations
Sartorius, Femoral (L2, L3), Gracilis/Obturator (L2, L3), and Semitendinosus/Tibial (L5, S1, S2) → SGT FOT
The foveal artery passes through ______ to supply blood to the ______
Ligamentum teres; femoral head epiphysis
The posterior tibial artery gives rise to which four structures?
Fibular artery, medial malleolar artery, medial and lateral plantar arteries
The femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve contains which fiber types?
Sensory only (genital branch is motor and sensory)
Dorsal Rami contain which fiber types?
Motor and Sensory! All Rami have both fiber types, only the roots contain their exclusive fiber type
What is the action of popliteus during the swing phase of gait (hint: OKC movement)?
flexion and IR of the tibia to unlock the knee
The descending genicular branch of the femoral artery forms an anastomosis with which structure?
Medial superior geniculate artery
The ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery forms an anastomosis with which structure?
Superior gluteal artery
Name all of the branches off of common fibular nerve, and the order they come off
Lateral sural cutaneous, superficial fib, deep fib
List all of the nerves in the lumbosacral plexus that receive contribution from L2
Genitofemoral (L1, L2) Lat Fem Cut (L2, L3), Obturator (L2-L4), Femoral (L2-L4)
List all 6 of the muscles that ABDuct the hip (be specific)
Glute Max (Upper Fibers), Glute Med, Glute Min, Piriformis, TFL, Sartorius
Describe the pathway of the posterior tibial artery, including what it runs with
Deep sub compartment of posterior lower leg between bellies of FHL and FDL, travels with tibial nerve and post tib vein, runs deep to flexor retinac and splits distal to medial and lateral plantar arteries
After passing the ____, the external iliac artery becomes the _____ artery, which then passes the _____ to become the ______ artery.
Inguinal ligament, femoral, adductor hiatus, popliteal
The saphenous nerve arises from the _____ branch of _____ nerve
Posterior branch, femoral nerve
A patient in your clinic presents with a pelvic drop to their left side. Which nerve and muscles do you suspect to be affected (be specific)
R Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1) affecting glute med, min, and TFL
Identify all muscles that share an origin at the ischial tuberosities
Quadratus femoris, inferior gemellus, biceps femoris LH, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, adductor magnus (hamstring portion)
Draw every artery that contributes to the blood supply to all compartments of the thigh, starting at the common iliac artery. Be specific and intentional.
See Picture!
Starting at the popliteal artery, draw all arteries that contribute to the blood supply of the plantar foot. Be specific and intentional!
See Picture!
Your patient experienced a traumatic fracture of the fibular head, which injured the deep fibular nerve. Name at least 3 muscles that may be affected, as well as any possible regions of skin with affected sensation.
Motor: Tibialis anterior, EDL, EHL, fibularis tertius, EDB, EHB
Sensory: cleft between toes 1-2
List all 3 of the nerves in the sacral plexus that serve as direct branches, their nerve roots, and what they innervate
N. to piriformis (S1, S2) innervating piriformis
N. to OI (L5, S1) innervating superior gemellus and OI
N. to quad fem (L5, S1) innervating Inferior gemellus and quad fem
Identify the borders and contents of the femoral triangle.
Borders: inguinal ligament, adductor longus, sartorius, iliopsoas, pectineus
Contents: NAVL (lateral to medial): femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, lymph nodes