Multiforme
The most common complication of bacterial meningitis in children
What is hearing loss?
This type of seizure is generalized, lasts less than 15 minutes, and occurs once in 24 hours with fever
What is a simple febrile seizure?
This type of fracture is associated with bilateral orbital ecchymoses (“racoon eyes”) and otorrhea.
What is a basilar skull fracture?
The most likely diagnosis in a young boy presents with frequent falls, toe walking, calf muscle pseudohypertrophy, and a positive Gowers sign.
What is Duchene’s muscular dystrophy?
This feature seen here would justify additional workup
What is a base not visible?
This headache feature is most concerning for increased intracranial pressure.
What is morning headache with vomiting?
This seizure feature should prompt neuroimaging rather than reassurance.
What is a focal neurologic deficit?
A 5 y/o falls from a treehouse and hits his head. He initially is unconscious but regains consciousness for several hours and seems to be doing better. After a few hours, he acutely worsens. He loses consciousness and develops focal neurologic signs. This is the most likely diagnosis.
What is an epidural hematoma?
This disorder is usually apparent after 6-18 months of seemingly normal development, with symptoms including intellectual disability, seizures, breathing issues, and characteristic hand wringing.
What is Rett syndrome?
This syndrome is associated with seizures, focal neurologic deficits, glaucoma, and intellectual disability
What is Sturge-Weber?
A newborn with paralysis of the flexors and extensors of the forearm and intrinsic muscles of the hand with sensory loss on the ulnar side of the hand, after a difficult labor
What is Klumpke palsy (lower plexus root injury)?
This childhood movement disorder is suppressible and worsens with stress.
What are tics?
This can't miss diagnosis should be suspected in an infant with lethargy and concerns for non-accidental trauma.
What is a subdural hematoma?
This is the single most common condition associated with strokes in children.
What is sickle cell disease?
This physical exam finding suggests what disorder?
What is hydrocephalus (sunset eyes)?
The most common cause of CNS vasculitis leading to CVA.
What is bacterial meningitis?
This is the most likely diagnosis in an infant who presents with episodes of sudden, simultaneous flexion of the head and trunk, often occurring in a transition from sleep to wakefulness.
What are infantile spasms?
This, the most common location for skull fractures in children.
What is the parietal area?
This rare disorder presents with severe learning disabilities, jerky movements, hyperactivity, sleep problems, microcephaly, and often a “happy” disposition
What is Angelman syndrome?
This disorder may include seizures, (especially infantile spasms), developmental delays, and intellectual disability
What is tuberous sclerosis?
This cranial deformity is associated with myelomeningocele
What is Chiari II?
This condition presents with brief staring spells, occurs many times daily, and has a classic EEG pattern of 3-Hz spike-and-wave discharges.
What is absence epilepsy?
Pediatric GCS scale should be used in children below this age.
What is two?
This congenital infection often involves progressive hearing loss, vision problems, developmental delay and seizures. Periventricular calcifications may be seen on imaging
What is CMV?
These findings are seen in this congenital disorder.
What is NF1?