Presidios
What was the main purpose of presidios?
To guard settlements, protect missions, and defend against attacks
Where was the first Texas mission established in 1632?
Near San Angelo
Why did Spain establish more missions in East Texas in 1716?
To counter French threats.
What famous mission was founded in San Antonio in 1718?
Mission San Antonio de Valero (the Alamo).
What happened to the San Antonio missions in 1793?
They were secularized.
Name two materials used to build presidios.
Adobe, stone, logs, or local materials.
Which two men established San Francisco de los Tejas in 1690?
Alonso De León and Father Damian Massanet.
Name one of the three East Texas missions founded in 1716
San Francisco de los Neches, Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe, Nuestra Señora de los Dolores.
Who founded Mission San Antonio de Valero (the Alamo)?
Father Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares.
What was given to the Indians and Spanish locals when the mission was secularized?
The land and supplies.
What feature on presidios’ corners allowed soldiers to fire at attackers?
Bastions/cannons
What caused many Spanish settlers and Tigua Indians to flee to El Paso in 1682?
A Pueblo Indian revolt in New Mexico.
What was Spain worried about the French doing in Texas?
Taking control of land and trade.
In 1731, families from what location helped settle San Antonio?
The Canary Islands.
Name one role the Alamo served after being secularized
Hospital, fort, army depot, store, or warehouse.
What were some problems caused by soldiers living in presidios?
They were often cruel to Native Americans, creating problems
Why did most Indian groups agree to join missions?
For protection from enemies and trade, and food not religion.
Why were some missions moved from East Texas to new locations?
Better locations and security.
When did San Antonio de Béxar become the capital of Texas?
1772
What religious order first ran the San Antonio missions?
The Franciscans.
How many presidios were built in Texas during this period?
About ten.
What year were the East Texas missions permanently abandoned?
1773.
When were the final two East Texas missions abandoned?
1773
What was the Spanish Governor’s Palace originally part of?
Presidio San Antonio de Béxar.
What is the most famous mission in Texas today?
The Alamo.