Missions
The Franciscans founded 21 of these in Alta California from 1769 to 1833, stretching 600 miles from San Diego to San Francisco.
What are the California Missions?
The people who founded the missions.
What were missionaries?
These large land grants, given by Spanish and Mexican governments, were used primarily for cattle ranching.
What is a rancho?
Spanish and Mexican governments
Who gave people the land grants?
The primary building material used at the California Missions
What was Adobe brick?
To spread Catholicism and establish a self-sufficient community
What was the primary goal of the California missions, according to the Spanish?
A person who owned a rancho was typically called this
What was a Californio?
They became workers at the ranchos
What happened to the Natives after they were freed from the missions?
A large, four-sided building that housed different areas for the priests, soldiers, and Native Californian residents.
What is the layout of a California Mission?
This missionary, often called the "Father of the California Missions," led the establishment of 21 missions.
Who was Father Junipero Serra?
The people who received large land grants
Who were important people, wealthy people, family of the governors, and friends of the governors?
A vaquero
What was a person who rounded up the cattle called?
Often called the "king of missions," this is the largest mission located on the oceanside.
What is San Luis Rey
the Catholic priests who staffed the California missions
What was a padre?
Write a letter for why you needed it, draw a map of what you want, and become Catholic
What did you have to do to get a land grant?
What was the first thing the letter writers put in their letters for the land grants?
The mission known as the "Queen of Missions" and the one where the swallows are famous for returning each spring
What is Mission San Juan Capistrano?
Whipping, flogging, or confinement.
What was one of the common practices used by missionaries to discipline Native Americans who did not follow the rules of the mission?
1822 to 1848
What was the period of California ranchos?
Juan Jose Dominguez
Who was one of the first people to get a land grant?