Structure
what is responsible for synthesizing proteins in the mitochondria?
Mitochondria ribosomes OR mitoribosomes
A chemical process in which oxygen is used to produce energy
Aerobic Respiration
what is the energy currency produced in the Mitochondria?
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
What are the only cells in the human body that lack mitochondria?
Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
double membrane
What are the 3 (main) steps in Aerobic Respiration?
1- Glycolysis
2- Krebes
3- ETC
what are the 3 compounds that make up energy currency?
1- Nitrogenous base (Adenine)
2- a ribose sugar
3- 3 boded phosphates
What % of heart muscle cells are made up of mitochondria?
40%
what is the space between the inner membrane and outer membrane called?
intermembrane space
A chemical process in which oxygen is NOT used to produce energy
Anerobic Respiration
How does ATP power other cellular processes?
phosphorylation (transferring a phosphate molecule)
What type of macromolecule is the mitochondria able to produce?
Proteins
internal spaces inside the membrane of the mitochondria
Matrix
When one glucose molecule is metabolized, how many ATP molecules are produced? (Aerobic Resp.)
38 molecules
where is energy stored in the energy molecule, which is produced in the mitochondria?
the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate molecules
Out of 4,300 people, how many are affected by Mitochondrial disease?
1
folds of the inner membrane that provide a large amount of surface area
Cristae
When one glucose molecule is metabolized, how many ATP molecules are produced? (Anerobic Resp.)
2 molecules
how many kcal/mol is released when ATP becomes ADP?
7.3 kcal/mol
What is the "origin story" of the mitochondria
Evidence:
mitochondria have circular DNA (like most prokaryotes), they're the same size as prokaryotes, they reproduce via binary fission, they have prokaryotic ribosomal subunits,
KEY POINTS:
Initially, their own organism got engulfed, a symbiotic relationship, that developed into mitochondria