DNA
Holds our genetic information
What is DNA?
What are the stages of the cell cycle in correct order.
G1, S, G2, M, & Cytokinesis
What are the stages of Mitosis in their correct order.
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, & Telophase (PMAT)
What is the molecule called that starts the checkpoint process and what type of macromolecule is it?
What is cyclins and they are proteins.
What is a mutagen?
It is anything that causes a mutation within the DNA.
What are the four nitrogen bases found in DNA? Then, what are their base pairing rules?
Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), & Cytosine (C)
A-t & G-C
This is the stage where the cell is getting larger & duplicating its organelles for a certain process.
What is G2?
During this stage, the nuclear membrane begins to reform
What is telophase?
What are these cyclins used for in the cell cycle?
They are used to tell the cell to either speed up production or to slow down production of cells.
What is the meaning of a Carcinogen?
These are chemicals that are known to cause cancer.
What are the thread-like structures in the cell nucleus that become visible as distinct x-shaped & what is the center piece that holds it together called?
What are chromosomes and held together by the centromere.
This is the part of the cell cycle that DNA is replicated.
What is the S phase?
In this mitosis stage, the chromosomes start to move to the poles of the cell
What is anaphase?
What is checked during the G1 checkpoint?
It is checking DNA for Damage and if DNA can replicate
What are the known types of mutagens/carcinogens?
Please list 4 of them.
-Smoking
- Drinking Alcohol
- UV radiation
- Viruses
- Processed Food
What are sister chromatids?
These are pieces of replicated DNA that are identical to each other.
What part of the cell cycle does the cell spend the majority of its life in.
What is Interphase?
During what phase of Mitosis does the nucleus disappear and chromosomes begin to appear?
What is Prophase
If a cell fails to stop at a checkpoint and starts to amass a ball of cells, what is that called?
What is a tumor(cancer)
If all cells within the body contain the same DNA and the DNA holds information for all cell types, what has to be done if muscles want to be created?
The sections of the DNA for muscles cells get turned on while the rest get turned off so that only muscles cells will be made.
Mitosis occurs in which cells?
body or somatic cells
The cell cycle is completed by not only our cells but by bacteria cells as well. Bacteria division has a certain name it goes by, what name is that?
What is Binary Fission?
What forms between 2 animal cells during cytokinesis that helps them split apart?
What is a Cleavage Furrow?
What is checked at the G2 checkpoint?
It checks to see if DNA was replicated correctly.
What is the difference between embryonic and adult stem cells?
Embryonic stem cells have the ability to become any cell within the body, meanwhile adult stem cells have a limited range of the types of cells they can become within the body.