MITOSIS 1
This is our genetic information inside cells
What is DNA?
The 2 parts of the X-shaped chromosomes have this "sibling" name (they get pulled apart during anaphase)
sister chromatids
Mitotic spindles are formed from these.
What are centrioles/centrosomes?
This is the phase before the start of mitosis (cells spend most of their time in this phase)
What is interphase?
What is the term used for the eukaryotic cell division process (division of the nucleus)?
What is mitosis?
DNA replication occurs during this phase.
What is the S phase (Synthesis phase)?
The cells splits in two during this stage (NOT A PART OF MITOSIS, but happens at the same time).
What is Cytokinesis?
During this stage, the nuclear membrane reforms and chromosomes turn back to chromatin.
What is telophase?
The cell grows and replicates cell structures during these TWO phases in interphase?
What is G1, G2
These are the 3 stages of interphase, in order.
What is G1, S, and G2?
What is the the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?
Chromosomes = condensed, chromatin = uncondensed
These are the 4 stages of mitosis? (in order)
What is prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophases?
In this mitosis stage, the chromosomes are pulled toward opposite poles of the cell by the spindle
What is anaphase?
A formation of microtubules made by the centrosome that resemble strings/spider legs that controls chromosome movement during mitosis
What are spindle fibers?
In this stage of mitosis, the chromosomes align in the middle or equator of the cell
What is Metaphase?
What two macromolecules make up the structure of chromatin/chromosomes?
Nucleic acids and proteins
The longest phase of the cell cycle
interphase
If a chicken has 67 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have at the end of mitosis?
What is 67?
This many cells arise from a single cell after the completion of mitosis and cytokinesis?
What is two identical cells?
In what stage of the cell cycle does cytokinesis usually start?
What is telophase?
The area where spindle fibers attach to chromosome
What is the centromere?
What are two reasons a cell might end up in the G0 checkpoint or "waiting room"?
It could be a nerve cell and spends its life in G1/not dividing.
The cell was not ready to divide, so something has to be fixed first.
Name 4 things that happen during Prophase.
Nucleus disappears.
Nucleolus disappears.
Chromatin condenses in to chromosomes.
Centrosomes move to opposite sides of the cell and spindle starts attaching to centromeres.
This is the thing that forms between 2 PLANT cells during cytokinesis
What is a cell plate
What is the end result of mitosis?
What is to create identical daughter cells?