DNA
What 4 letters make up the four bases found in DNA?
A,T,C, & G
What four letters represent the bases found in RNA?
A U C G
What stage does a cell spend the majority of its time in?
Hint: During this stage the cell carries out its function.
Interphase
Where does transcription take place in the cell?
The nucleus
What is the final product of translation?
A protein or amino acid sequence (polypeptide)
How do e get more DNA?
DNA Replication
What are the two differences between RNA and DNA?
1. Single Stand nucleic acid
2. Thymine changes to Uracil
What happens during metaphase?
Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
What is the product of transcription?
A strand of RNA
Where does translation take place in the cell?
At a ribosome in the cytoplasm
What three things make up a DNA nucleotide?
Bonus points: Can you name the 2 bonds that hold the nucleotides together?
Sugar
Phosphate
Base (ATCG)
Bonus: Hydrogen Bond and Phosphate Bond
What are the three types of RNA?
Bonus: What are their roles/function?
mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA
Bonus:
Carry messages to ribosome, make up the ribosome, and bring amino acids to the ribosome
During what stage do the spindles begin to pull the chromosomes towards the centrioles?
Anaphase
Transcription is the process of going from_______ to ________.
DNA to RNA
Translation is the process changing _____ into a ________ or _______ _______?
RNA into a protein or Amino Acid
What is the name of the sugar found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What is the name of the sugar found in RNA?
Ribose
Cytokinesis is the separation of the cytoplasm, what is the indent called that forms between two animal cells during cyokinesis?
Furrow
Why is changing from DNA to RNA important?
To be able to send a message out of the nucleus to the ribosomes
Original DNA: TAC GCG TCG TTG TGC TAA TGA
Mutated DNA: TAC GCG TCG TTG TCT AAT GA
What type of mutation occurred?
Frameshift mutation- Deletion
Replicate this sequence of DNA into a complimentary strand:
ATC GCA TGC TAG CTA
TAG CGT ACG ATC GAT
What is the complimentary sequence of DNA for this RNA strand?
AUG GGG UCG UCU UUA
DNA: TAC CCC AGC AGA AAT
Describe what happens in Prophase (4).
Chromosomes appear, nucleus disappears, centrioles and spindles form, spindles begin to attach to the chromosomes
Transcribe the following DNA:
ATC CGC GGG TAT TGC TAA
AUG GCG CCC AUA ACG AUU
Translate the following RNA sequence into an amino acid sequence:
AUG CCC GCG UGA
MET- PRO- ALA- STOP